Ehringer Marissa A, Rhee Soo Hyun, Young Susan, Corley Robin, Hewitt John K
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado at Boulder, 80309, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2006 Feb;34(1):1-17. doi: 10.1007/s10802-005-9000-0. Epub 2006 Feb 8.
We report findings based on analyses of self-reports of six common adolescent psychopathologies (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD; conduct disorder, CD; oppositional defiant disorder, ODD; generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; separation anxiety disorder, SAD; and major depressive disorder, MDD) in a sample of 1,162 male and female adolescent (12-19 years) twin pairs and 426 siblings. Prevalence statistics for past year and lifetime reports confirm differences between genders for CD, GAD, SAD, and MDD, and a lack of differences between twins and their non-twin siblings. Biometrical modeling was conducted to ascertain the relative influences of genes, and shared and non-shared environments contributing to these disorders. A more robust estimate of these parameters was obtained by including non-twin siblings. Age-specific thresholds were integrated into the analyses to appropriately model the developmental patterns of behavior. We found evidence for both genetic and non-shared environmental influences for all disorders. Shared environmental influences also seem to be important for MDD and lifetime GAD.
我们报告了基于对1162对12至19岁青少年双胞胎及426名兄弟姐妹（包括男性和女性）的六项常见青少年精神病理学（注意力缺陷多动障碍，ADHD；品行障碍，CD；对立违抗障碍，ODD；广泛性焦虑障碍，GAD；分离焦虑障碍，SAD；以及重度抑郁症，MDD）自我报告分析的结果。过去一年及终生报告的患病率统计证实了CD、GAD、SAD和MDD在性别上的差异，以及双胞胎与其非双胞胎兄弟姐妹之间不存在差异。进行了生物统计学建模，以确定基因、共同环境和非共同环境对这些疾病的相对影响。通过纳入非双胞胎兄弟姐妹，对这些参数进行了更可靠的估计。将特定年龄阈值纳入分析，以适当模拟行为的发展模式。我们发现所有疾病都存在基因和非共同环境影响的证据。共同环境影响对MDD和终生GAD似乎也很重要。
