Karol M H
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
Ann Allergy. 1991 Jun;66(6):485-9.
Isocyanates are highly reactive chemicals capable of causing a multitude of toxicologic effects including respiratory irritation, dermal irritation, contact sensitivity, and pulmonary hypersensitivity. In order to probe the mechanism(s) underlying these reactions, an animal model has been developed. The guinea pig model reproduces both the respiratory and immunologic effects of isocyanates that have been observed clinically. In experimental animals and in humans, isocyanates induce immunologic reactions with specific antibody formation, including IgE. This finding allows development of diagnostic reagents to assess isocyanate sensitivity. Further characterization of immunologic components in the model is expected to increase understanding of the mechanisms of this immunotoxic disease and develop strategies for treatment and prevention.
异氰酸酯是具有高反应活性的化学物质，能够引发多种毒理学效应，包括呼吸道刺激、皮肤刺激、接触性过敏和肺部过敏。为了探究这些反应背后的机制，已经建立了一种动物模型。豚鼠模型再现了临床上观察到的异氰酸酯的呼吸道和免疫效应。在实验动物和人类中，异氰酸酯会诱导产生包括IgE在内的特异性抗体形成的免疫反应。这一发现有助于开发诊断试剂来评估异氰酸酯敏感性。预计对该模型中免疫成分的进一步表征将增进对这种免疫毒性疾病机制的理解，并制定治疗和预防策略。
