Brezo J, Paris J, Turecki G
McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Mar;113(3):180-206. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00702.x.
Involvement of personality traits in susceptibility to suicidality has been the subject of research since the 1950s. Because of the diversity of conceptual and methodological approaches, the extent of their independent contribution has been difficult to establish. Here, we review conceptual background and empirical evidence investigating roles of traits in suicidal behaviors.
We selected original studies published in English in MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases, focusing on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or suicide completions, and using standardized personality measures.
Most studies focused on investigating risk for suicide attempts. Hopelessness, neuroticism, and extroversion hold the most promise in relation to risk screening across all three suicidal behaviors. More research is needed regarding aggression, impulsivity, anger, irritability, hostility, and anxiety.
Selected personality traits may be useful markers of suicide risk. Future research needs to establish their contributions in relation to environmental and genetic variation in different gender, age, and ethnocultural groups.
自20世纪50年代以来，人格特质与自杀易感性的关系一直是研究的主题。由于概念和方法途径的多样性，其独立作用的程度难以确定。在此，我们综述了调查特质在自杀行为中作用的概念背景和实证证据。
我们在MEDLINE和PsycINFO数据库中选择以英文发表的原创研究，重点关注自杀意念、自杀未遂或自杀死亡，并使用标准化人格测量方法。
大多数研究集中于调查自杀未遂的风险。绝望、神经质和外向性在所有三种自杀行为的风险筛查方面最具前景。关于攻击性、冲动性、愤怒、易怒、敌意和焦虑，还需要更多研究。
选定的人格特质可能是自杀风险的有用标志物。未来研究需要确定它们在不同性别、年龄和种族文化群体中与环境和基因变异相关的作用。
