Bowerman Bruce, Kurz Thimo
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, 97403, USA.
Development. 2006 Mar;133(5):773-84. doi: 10.1242/dev.02276.
The ubiquitin protein conjugation system tags proteins with the small polypeptide ubiquitin. Most poly-ubiquitinated proteins are recognized and degraded by the proteasome, a large multi-subunit protease. Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation is used as a regulatory tool for many essential processes, the best studied of which is eukaryotic cell cycle progression. More recently, genetic studies in C. elegans have identified multiple roles for the ubiquitin system in early development, where ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation governs such diverse events as passage through meiosis, cytoskeletal regulation and cell fate determination.
泛素蛋白缀合系统用小多肽泛素标记蛋白质。大多数多泛素化蛋白被蛋白酶体识别并降解,蛋白酶体是一种大型多亚基蛋白酶。泛素依赖性蛋白降解被用作许多重要过程的调控工具,其中研究最深入的是真核细胞周期进程。最近,对线虫的遗传学研究已经确定了泛素系统在早期发育中的多种作用,其中泛素依赖性蛋白降解控制着诸如减数分裂通过、细胞骨架调节和细胞命运决定等不同事件。