McGhee Charles N J, Gilhotra Amardeep K
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005 Dec;31(12):2413-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.10.022.
Completion of a scientific manuscript for submission to a peer-reviewed journal is a daunting task for clinicians and scientists early in their careers. In an ongoing series, this third article is the first of 2 related articles that deal with the basics of producing a high-quality research manuscript. Although ophthalmology and vision science are the principal focus of this series, the general concepts essential to producing a quality manuscript are applicable to diverse fields of research. This article highlights the exponential growth in the scientific literature over the past 40 years, considers why it is important to publish completed research, and discusses the necessity of identifying the key messages of the research, and their context, in relation to the published literature. The ethics of publishing biomedical research and scientific misconduct, such as duplicate publication or plagiarism, are outlined. To avoid later conflict, there is a critical need for coworkers to carefully address authorship order and inclusion early in the manuscript process. Internationally agreed guidelines are identified to guide this process. The importance of choosing the correct journal for a specific article and the nature of basic citation indices are discussed. The article concludes by elaborating and contrasting different scientific writing styles and emphasizing the considerable importance of developing a representative title and applying clarity and appropriate structure to the abstract.
对于处于职业生涯早期的临床医生和科学家而言，完成一篇可供提交给同行评审期刊的科学稿件是一项艰巨的任务。在这个系列文章中，这第三篇文章是两篇相关文章中的第一篇，涉及高质量研究稿件撰写的基础知识。尽管眼科和视觉科学是本系列的主要关注点，但撰写高质量稿件所需的一般概念适用于不同的研究领域。本文强调了过去40年科学文献的指数级增长，探讨了发表已完成研究的重要性，并讨论了确定研究关键信息及其与已发表文献关系的必要性。文中概述了生物医学研究出版的伦理规范以及重复发表或抄袭等科研不端行为。为避免日后产生冲突，同事们在稿件撰写过程早期迫切需要仔细处理作者顺序和署名问题。文中还列出了指导这一过程的国际公认准则。讨论了为特定文章选择正确期刊的重要性以及基本引用索引的性质。文章最后阐述并对比了不同的科学写作风格，强调了拟定具有代表性的标题以及使摘要清晰并具备恰当结构的重要意义。
