Ward Brian C, Webster Thomas Jay
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 500 Central Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, USA.
Biomaterials. 2006 Jun;27(16):3064-74. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.12.027. Epub 2006 Feb 14.
To date, long-term functions of osteoblasts leading to calcium and phosphorus mineral deposition on nanometals have not been determined. Nanometals are metals with constituent metal particles and/or surface features less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. For this reason, the objective of this in vitro study was to determine the amount of calcium and phosphorus mineral formation on microphase compared to nanophase Ti, Ti6Al4V, and CoCrMo cultured with and without osteoblasts (bone-forming cells). The results of this study provided the first evidence of significantly greater calcium and phosphorus deposition by osteoblasts and precipitation from culture media without osteoblasts on nanophase compared to respective microphase Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo after 21 days; the greatest calcium and phosphorus mineral deposition occurred on nanophase CoCrMo while the greatest calcium and phosphorus mineral precipitation without osteoblasts occurred on nanophase Ti6Al4V. No differences were found for any type of Ti: wrought, microphase, or nanophase. Moreover, increased calcium and phosphorus mineral content correlated to greater amounts of underlying aluminum content on Ti6Al4V surfaces. Since, compared to microphase Ti6Al4V, nanophase Ti6Al4V contained a higher amount of aluminum at the surface (due to greater surface area), this may provide a reason for enhanced calcium and phosphorus mineral content on nanophase Ti6Al4V. Regardless of the mechanism, this study continues to support the further investigation of nanometals for improved orthopedic applications.
迄今为止，成骨细胞在纳米金属上导致钙和磷矿物质沉积的长期功能尚未确定。纳米金属是指在至少一个维度上其组成金属颗粒和/或表面特征小于100纳米的金属。因此，本体外研究的目的是确定与在有或没有成骨细胞（骨形成细胞）培养条件下的微相钛、Ti6Al4V和钴铬钼相比，纳米相钛、Ti6Al4V和钴铬钼上钙和磷矿物质形成的量。本研究结果首次证明，与各自的微相Ti6Al4V和钴铬钼相比，21天后成骨细胞在纳米相上沉积的钙和磷以及无成骨细胞时培养基中沉淀的钙和磷显著更多；钙和磷矿物质沉积量最大的是纳米相钴铬钼，而无成骨细胞时钙和磷矿物质沉淀量最大的是纳米相Ti6Al4V。对于任何类型的钛（锻造钛、微相钛或纳米相钛）均未发现差异。此外，钙和磷矿物质含量的增加与Ti6Al4V表面铝含量的增加相关。由于与微相Ti6Al4V相比，纳米相Ti6Al4V表面含有更高含量的铝（由于表面积更大），这可能是纳米相Ti6Al4V上钙和磷矿物质含量增加的一个原因。无论其机制如何，本研究继续支持对纳米金属进行进一步研究以改善骨科应用。
