Yanos P T, Moos R H
Rutgers University, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2007 Jan;27(1):58-77. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.12.008. Epub 2006 Feb 9.
Outcomes for health conditions are typically the result of multiple factors; however, studies tend to focus on a narrow class of variables. Functioning and well-being outcomes for schizophrenia are diverse and have resisted simple explanation; however, prior research has not offered an integrated understanding of the relative contributions of enduring and episodic environmental factors, personal resources and psychiatric factors, and cognitive appraisal and coping, on functioning and well-being outcomes in schizophrenia. The present article sets out an integrated model of the determinants of functioning and well-being among individuals with schizophrenia. To examine evidence that bears on the model, literature on hypothesized relationships is reviewed to identify areas for which there is strong evidence and areas where more research is needed. The article suggests areas for further research, and directs researchers and practitioners toward areas of intervention that can enhance functioning and well-being for persons diagnosed with schizophrenia.
健康状况的结果通常是多种因素作用的结果；然而，研究往往集中在一小类变量上。精神分裂症的功能和幸福感结果是多样的，难以简单解释；然而，先前的研究尚未对持久和偶发环境因素、个人资源和精神因素以及认知评估和应对在精神分裂症功能和幸福感结果中的相对贡献提供综合理解。本文提出了一个关于精神分裂症患者功能和幸福感决定因素的综合模型。为了检验与该模型相关的证据，回顾了关于假设关系的文献，以确定有充分证据的领域和需要更多研究的领域。本文提出了进一步研究的领域，并引导研究人员和从业者关注可以提高精神分裂症患者功能和幸福感的干预领域。
