Lincoln Andrew E, Hooper Tomoko I, Kang Han K, Debakey Samar F, Cowan David N, Gackstetter Gary D
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2006 Mar;7(1):31-7. doi: 10.1080/15389580500412028.
Our objective was to describe fatal motor vehicle crashes (MVC) among veterans of the 1991 Gulf War era and to compare the distribution of crash and individual characteristics between those deployed to the Gulf War (GWV) and those not deployed (NDV).
We compared individual characteristics, crash mechanisms, and crash circumstances between 765 GWV and 553 NDV who died from MVC within the first five years of the war, between May 1991 and December 1995.
Overall, GWV and NDV who died from a MVC were more likely to be enlisted males (97%), 21-30 years old (72%), have a high school education or less (91%), drive a passenger car (52%), and not use restraints (60%). The overall annual rate of motor vehicle fatalities for GWV (23.6 per 100,000; 95% confidence interval: 21.9-25.3) was significantly greater than the rate for NDV (15.9, 95% CI: 14.6-17.3). GWV with the highest motor vehicle fatality rates include males (24.8, 95% CI: 23.0-26.6), 17-20 year olds (105.0, 95% CI: 78.2-138.1), and those not married (27.3, 95% CI: 25.1-30.1). Adjusting for differences in age distribution across GWV and NDV did not account for the difference in rates. Characteristics of MVC fatalities that were over-represented among GWV include serving as regular active duty (p = 0.001), having a high school education or less (p = 0.01), being involved in a single-vehicle crash (p = 0.008), and dying within the first hour following the crash (p = 0.004). Also, we identified a greater proportion of alcohol-related crashes among GWV during the late night and early morning hours.
The highest rates of motor vehicle fatality among young, single males in the military mirror the experience of the general population. Further research is necessary to determine modifiable risk factors that can be targeted for specific interventions and whether the elevated late night alcohol-related crash rate among GWV is an effect of deployment or an inherent population bias among those selected for operational deployments.
我们的目的是描述1991年海湾战争时期退伍军人中的致命机动车撞车事故（MVC），并比较部署到海湾战争（GWV）的人员与未部署人员（NDV）之间撞车事故及个人特征的分布情况。
我们比较了1991年5月至1995年12月战争头五年内因MVC死亡的765名GWV人员和553名NDV人员的个人特征、撞车机制及撞车情况。
总体而言，因MVC死亡的GWV和NDV人员更有可能是应征男性（97%），年龄在21 - 30岁之间（72%），高中及以下学历（91%），驾驶乘用车（52%），且未使用安全带（60%）。GWV的机动车死亡总体年发生率（每1十万分之23.6；95%置信区间：21.9 - 25.3）显著高于NDV的发生率（15.9，95%置信区间：14.6 - 17.3）。机动车死亡率最高的GWV人员包括男性（24.8，95%置信区间：23.0 - 26.6）、17 - 20岁的人员（105.0，95%置信区间：78.2 - 138.1）以及未婚人员（27.3，95%置信区间：25.1 - 30.1）。调整GWV和NDV之间年龄分布的差异并不能解释发生率的差异。在GWV中占比过高的MVC死亡特征包括担任常规现役军人（p = 0.001）、高中及以下学历（p = 0.01）、涉及单车撞车事故（p = 0.008）以及在撞车后第一小时内死亡（p = 0.004）。此外，我们发现GWV在深夜和凌晨时段与酒精相关的撞车事故比例更高。
军队中年轻单身男性的机动车死亡率最高，这与普通人群的情况相似。有必要进一步研究以确定可针对特定干预措施的可改变风险因素，以及GWV中深夜酒精相关撞车事故率升高是部署的影响还是被选进行作战部署人员中固有的人群偏差。
