Nilsson Brita, Lindström Unni A, Nåden Dagfinn
Faculty of Nursing, Oslo University College, Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2006 Mar;20(1):93-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2006.00386.x.
The purpose of this investigation was to explore how loneliness is described in literature and research. The study employed a hermeneutic approach rooted in the ideology of humanistic science in a caritative nursing tradition. Data sampling for the study was completed over two different periods of time (1998 and 2004). The main findings are that loneliness is understood as a complex dimension in our lives and it can be experienced at many levels. Through the survey of the theoretical material, loneliness may be understood as a structural dimension of existence and not as an illness. The deep dimension of loneliness, however, can entail suffering that is possibly so intolerable that it may turn towards becoming an illness. Loneliness is assumed as something we are, an ontological structure in our existence. Loneliness can therefore be turned into suffering as well as into health. It is perhaps in the silent reflective loneliness that we paradoxically develop a greater understanding of the benefits of togetherness. Our conclusion is therefore, that the phenomenon of loneliness is not a psychological dysfunction.
本调查的目的是探究文学作品和研究中如何描述孤独。该研究采用了一种诠释学方法，其植根于人文科学的意识形态，处于慈善护理传统之中。该研究的数据采样在两个不同时间段（1998年和2004年）完成。主要研究结果是，孤独被理解为我们生活中的一个复杂维度，并且可以在多个层面上体验到。通过对理论材料的调查，孤独可能被理解为存在的一个结构维度，而不是一种疾病。然而，孤独的深层维度可能会带来痛苦，这种痛苦可能难以忍受，以至于可能会演变成一种疾病。孤独被认为是我们自身的一种东西，是我们存在中的一种本体结构。因此，孤独既可以转化为痛苦，也可以转化为健康。也许正是在寂静的反思性孤独中，我们反而对团聚的益处有了更深刻的理解。因此，我们的结论是，孤独现象不是一种心理功能障碍。
