Bekhet Abir K, Zauszniewski Jaclene A, Nakhla Wagdy E
Case Western Reserve University, USA.
Nurs Forum. 2008 Oct-Dec;43(4):207-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6198.2008.00114.x.
Loneliness is a universal human experience recognized since the dawn of time, yet it is unique for every individual. Loneliness can lead to both depression and low self-esteem.
This article explicates the concept of loneliness through the examination of its conceptual definition and uses, defining attributes, related concepts, and empirical referents.
Literature review using hand search and database were used as sources of information.
Because loneliness is commonly encountered in nursing situations, the information provided will serve as a framework for assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation of clients.
孤独是一种自古就被认识到的普遍人类体验，但对每个人来说又是独特的。孤独会导致抑郁和自卑。
本文通过审视孤独的概念定义、用途、定义属性、相关概念和实证参照来阐述孤独的概念。
采用手工检索和数据库进行文献综述作为信息来源。
由于孤独在护理情境中很常见，所提供的信息将作为对患者进行评估、规划、干预和评价的框架。
