El Jalii I M, Bahaman A R
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Trop Biomed. 2004 Dec;21(2):113-9.
This paper reviews the literature on human leptospirosis in Malaysia from its first description in 1925 until the present day. Fletcher diagnosed the first case of human leptospirosis in Malaysia in 1925. Following Fletcher, many investigations on human leptospirosis in Malaysia disclosed a high prevalence of infection. These investigations indicated that the disease was endemic in the country. Examination of 1993 suspected human cases of leptospirosis by Tan indicated 28 % of the cases were positive. In a recent survey, 2190 serum samples from patients with different clinical manifestations in the country disclosed 12.6% were positive for antibodies to leptospires. The risk to leptospiral infection with respect to occupation, location, sex, race and age groups was demonstrated. Both civilians and military personnel were affected. Thirty-seven serovars from thirteen serogroups have been identified in the country. Recent studies on animal leptospirosis showed that the disease was highly endemic in the animal population. It is considered that the majority of leptospirosis cases in humans were due to association of man with animals and disease-infected environment.
本文回顾了自1925年首次描述以来马来西亚人类钩端螺旋体病的相关文献。1925年，弗莱彻诊断出马来西亚首例人类钩端螺旋体病病例。在弗莱彻之后，马来西亚对人类钩端螺旋体病进行了许多调查，结果显示感染率很高。这些调查表明该病在该国呈地方流行。谭对1993例疑似人类钩端螺旋体病病例进行检查，结果显示28%的病例呈阳性。在最近一项调查中，该国2190份来自不同临床表现患者的血清样本显示，12.6%的样本钩端螺旋体抗体呈阳性。研究证明了职业、地点、性别、种族和年龄组在钩端螺旋体感染方面存在风险。平民和军事人员均受到影响。该国已鉴定出13个血清群中的37个血清型。最近关于动物钩端螺旋体病的研究表明，该病在动物群体中高度流行。据认为，人类钩端螺旋体病的大多数病例是由于人类与动物及疾病感染环境接触所致。
