Wutzler P
Institut für Virologie und Antivirale Therapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2006 Mar 3;131(9):453-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-932543.
Vaccination is the most efficacious and cost-effective measure for the prevention of influenza. Although the vaccination rate among the population of Germany has been gradually increasing in the last few years, only 40% of chronically ill persons are vaccinated. As a third of all persons aged over 50 years have a chronic disease, vaccination of those aged 50 years and over, from the those recommended 60 years, should be considered. Such a strategy would be cost-effective both for insurance companies and society as a whole. There are at present no data on ambulatory influenza vaccination rates in children, even though this could reduce the high death rate among this age group and decrease the spread of the disease among the general population. At present all children with an underlying disease and all those in immediate contact with them should be vaccinated. Pregnant women whose expected date of delivery falls within the influenza season should also be vaccinated so that they and their newborn child are protected against influenza.
接种疫苗是预防流感最有效且最具成本效益的措施。尽管德国人口的疫苗接种率在过去几年中逐渐上升，但只有40%的慢性病患者接种了疫苗。由于50岁以上人群中有三分之一患有慢性病，因此应考虑为50岁及以上（而非目前建议的60岁及以上）人群接种疫苗。这样的策略对保险公司和整个社会而言都具有成本效益。目前尚无关于儿童门诊流感疫苗接种率的数据，尽管这可以降低该年龄组的高死亡率并减少疾病在普通人群中的传播。目前，所有患有基础疾病的儿童以及所有与他们有密切接触的儿童都应接种疫苗。预产期在流感季节内的孕妇也应接种疫苗，以便她们和新生儿能预防流感。
