预测性基因检测中的伦理问题：公共卫生视角
Ethical issues in predictive genetic testing: a public health perspective.
作者信息
Fulda K G, Lykens K
机构信息
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
出版信息
J Med Ethics. 2006 Mar;32(3):143-7. doi: 10.1136/jme.2004.010272.
Abstract
As a result of the increase in genetic testing and the fear of discrimination by insurance companies, employers, and society as a result of genetic testing, the disciplines of ethics, public health, and genetics have converged. Whether relatives of someone with a positive predictive genetic test should be notified of the results and risks is a matter urgently in need of debate. Such a debate must encompass the moral and ethical obligations of the diagnosing physician and the patient. The decision to inform or not will vary depending on what moral theory is used. Utilising the utilitarian and libertarian theories produces different outcomes. The principles of justice and non-maleficence will also play an important role in the decision.
摘要
由于基因检测的增加以及因基因检测而产生的对保险公司、雇主和社会歧视的担忧，伦理学、公共卫生学和遗传学这几个学科已经融合。对于基因检测呈阳性预测结果的人的亲属是否应该被告知检测结果和风险，这是一个迫切需要辩论的问题。这样的辩论必须涵盖诊断医生和患者的道德与伦理义务。告知与否的决定将因所采用的道德理论而异。运用功利主义和自由主义理论会产生不同的结果。正义和不伤害原则在该决定中也将发挥重要作用。
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