Ivanoiu Adrian, Cooper Janine M, Shanks Michael F, Venneri Annalena
Neurology Department and Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Unit, Saint Luc Hospital, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(10):1936-55. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.030. Epub 2006 Mar 7.
Detailed study of the autobiographical memory (ABM) impairments seen in different forms of degenerative dementia, in particular Alzheimer's disease (AD) and semantic dementia (SD) can inform neuropsychological models of memory. A modified ABM questionnaire which allowed more detailed analysis of episodic and semantic ABM was used to study the pattern of deficits in patients with minimal to mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in two patients with mild and moderate semantic dementia (SD). The questionnaire tested both cued and free recall. A group of healthy elderly was also tested. AD patients differed from controls in all measures. There was no clear temporal gradient for episodic ABM, but a modest gradient was observed for semantic ABM. The mild SD patient performed at control level for episodic ABM but showed a deficit within the range of the AD patients for semantic ABM except for the most recent life period. In contrast the moderate SD patient was impaired within the range of the AD patients for both episodic and semantic ABM. The evidence for differential impairment of episodic and semantic ABM retrieval in AD and SD is interpreted as supporting the multiple trace model of memory.
对不同形式的退行性痴呆，尤其是阿尔茨海默病（AD）和语义性痴呆（SD）中所见的自传体记忆（ABM）损害进行详细研究，可为记忆的神经心理学模型提供信息。使用一份经过修改的ABM问卷，该问卷允许对情景性和语义性ABM进行更详细的分析，以研究轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者以及两名轻度和中度语义性痴呆（SD）患者的缺陷模式。该问卷测试了线索回忆和自由回忆。还对一组健康老年人进行了测试。AD患者在所有测量指标上均与对照组不同。情景性ABM没有明显的时间梯度，但语义性ABM观察到适度的梯度。轻度SD患者在情景性ABM方面表现与对照组相当，但在语义性ABM方面除最近生活阶段外，表现出与AD患者范围内的缺陷。相比之下，中度SD患者在情景性和语义性ABM方面均在AD患者范围内受损。AD和SD中情景性和语义性ABM检索的差异损害证据被解释为支持记忆的多重痕迹模型。
