Potkins Z V, Lawrence T L, Thomlinson J R
University of Liverpool, Department of Animal Husbandry, Neston, South Wirral.
Br J Nutr. 1991 May;65(3):391-413. doi: 10.1079/bjn19910100.
Six experiments were made in growing pigs to investigate the effects of substituting bran, oatmeal byproduct, pectin and guar gum for barley on gastric emptying rate, pH and dry matter of digesta and on the dry matter content and rate of passage of digesta to the terminal ileum and overall. Twelve pigs with cannulas sited at the pyloric/fundic junction of the stomach were used to measure gastric emptying. Seventy-two pigs were kept in metabolism cages for the total collection of faeces and nine pigs were fitted with simple cannulas 150 mm cranial to the ileo-caecal junction. For the overall transit measurements the barley was ground through a 4.68 mm screen (C) and for the other studies either through this screen or a 1.56 mm screen (F). Gastric emptying rates were significantly faster for F diets than for C diets, but bran and oatmeal by-product substitutions were without significant effect on this variable or on rate of passage to the terminal ileum. Guar gum and pectin significantly speeded up gastric emptying and transit to the terminal ileum in C diets. Guar gum and pectin did not significantly affect overall transit time, but bran accelerated it. The results are discussed in relation to the depressive effects on nutrient utilization which have been recorded for the four polysaccharides: it is postulated that gastric emptying rate and transit time to the terminal ileum are likely to have a minimal effect on overall transit time.
进行了六项实验，以研究用麸皮、燕麦副产品、果胶和瓜尔豆胶替代大麦对生长猪胃排空率、食糜pH值和干物质、食糜干物质含量以及食糜向回肠末端的通过率和总体通过率的影响。选用12头在胃幽门/胃底部交界处插管的猪来测量胃排空。72头猪饲养在代谢笼中以收集全部粪便，9头猪在回盲交界处上方150毫米处安装简单插管。对于总体转运测量，大麦通过4.68毫米筛网（C）研磨，其他研究中则通过该筛网或1.56毫米筛网（F）研磨。F组日粮的胃排空率显著快于C组日粮，但麸皮和燕麦副产品替代对该变量或向回肠末端的通过率没有显著影响。瓜尔豆胶和果胶显著加快了C组日粮的胃排空和向回肠末端的转运。瓜尔豆胶和果胶对总体转运时间没有显著影响，但麸皮加速了总体转运时间。结合已记录的四种多糖对养分利用的抑制作用对结果进行了讨论：据推测，胃排空率和向回肠末端的转运时间对总体转运时间可能影响最小。
