Mazlan N, Horgan G, Stubbs R J
Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Istana, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Malaysia.
Physiol Behav. 2006 Apr 15;87(4):679-86. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.01.032. Epub 2006 Mar 20.
The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of energy density and food weight (volume) on subsequent intake.
Sixteen lean men were each studied four times during a 2-d protocol at the Rowett's Human Nutrition Unit. On day 1, subjects were fed a mandatory diet at 1.6 x resting metabolic rate (RMR). On day 2, during the mandatory morning period (08.30-12.30) subjects consumed a fixed breakfast (08.30) plus a snack (10.30) in one of four treatments [with values in weight (kg), ED (kJ/100g), Energy (MJ)]: (i) zero intake, 0:0:0 (ii) low energy density (LED), 0.615: 400: 2.46; (iii) high energy density (HED), 0.615: 800: 4.92; (iv) 2 x LED, 1.225: 400: 4.91. From 12.30, throughout the remainder of the day, subjects had ad libitum access to 15 high-protein, 15 high-fat and 15 high-carbohydrate foods. Motivation to eat was tracked hourly using 100 mm line scales.
ANOVA showed subjects were hungrier after the zero and LED treatments in the mandatory period (p<0.001). Lunch time EI was 5.0, 3.1, 4.2 and 3.2 MJ on the zero, HED, LED and 2 x LED treatments, respectively (p<0.001). Total ad libitum EI was 11.7, 9.6, 10.3 and 9.5 MJ/d, respectively (p=0.033). Total ad libitum plus mandatory intakes amounted to 11.7, 14.5, 12.6 and 14.4 MJ/d, respectively (p=0.001). Corresponding food intakes were 2.18, 2.39, 2.51 and 3.06 kg/d, respectively (p<0.001).
The present study showed that subjects respond to both the amount of food eaten in the morning and to the energy density of those foods. However, compensation was only partial and short-term. Subjects only compensated EI by approximately 40% and that compensation only occurred at the next meal.
本研究旨在探讨能量密度和食物重量（体积）对后续摄入量的影响。
16名瘦男性在罗维特人类营养研究室进行了为期2天的实验，每人接受4次研究。第1天，受试者按静息代谢率（RMR）的1.6倍摄入规定饮食。第2天，在规定的上午时段（08:30 - 12:30），受试者在四种处理方式之一中食用固定早餐（08:30）加一份零食（10:30）[数值单位为重量（kg）、能量密度（kJ/100g）、能量（MJ）]：（i）零摄入，0:0:0；（ii）低能量密度（LED），0.615:400:2.46；（iii）高能量密度（HED），0.615:800:4.92；（iv）2倍LED，1.225:400:4.91。从12:30起，在当天剩余时间里，受试者可随意取用15种高蛋白、15种高脂肪和15种高碳水化合物食物。每小时使用100毫米线性量表追踪进食动机。
方差分析显示，在规定时段内，零摄入和LED处理后受试者更饥饿（p<0.001）。零摄入、HED、LED和2倍LED处理的午餐时间能量摄入量分别为5.0、3.1、4.2和3.2 MJ（p<0.001）。随意摄入的总能量摄入量分别为11.7、9.6、10.3和9.5 MJ/天（p = 0.033）。随意摄入与规定摄入量之和分别为11.7、14.5、12.6和14.4 MJ/天（p = 0.001）。相应的食物摄入量分别为2.18、2.39、2.51和3.06 kg/天（p<0.001）。
本研究表明，受试者对上午所吃食物的量和这些食物的能量密度均有反应。然而，这种补偿只是部分的且是短期的。受试者仅将能量摄入量补偿了约40%，且这种补偿仅发生在下一餐。
