DeLorenzo M E, Serrano L, Chung K W, Hoguet J, Key P B
NOAA, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Jun;64(2):122-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.02.001. Epub 2006 Mar 20.
Toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin was assessed using three life stages of the estuarine grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Adult and larval shrimp were tested with and without sediment. An aqueous embryo test was also conducted. Cellular stress biomarkers, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation, were assessed. Larval shrimp were the most sensitive life stage with a 96-h lethal concentration (LC(50)) value of 0.05 microg/L, compared to 0.25 microg/L for adults, and 6.4 microg/L for embryos. The presence of sediment significantly decreased toxicity of permethrin to both adult and larval shrimp. Permethrin exposure increased time to hatch in embryos and decreased swimming behavior of larvae. Lipid peroxidation levels were significantly decreased in the adult shrimp, but increased in larval shrimp exposed to permethrin. Low levels of permethrin may negatively affect grass shrimp health and survival. Permethrin use in the coastal zone should be carefully managed to avoid adverse impacts on nontarget estuarine organisms.
使用河口草虾（Palaemonetes pugio）的三个生命阶段评估了拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂氯菊酯的毒性。成年虾和幼虾在有沉积物和无沉积物的情况下进行了测试。还进行了水相胚胎试验。评估了细胞应激生物标志物、谷胱甘肽和脂质过氧化。幼虾是最敏感的生命阶段，96小时致死浓度（LC(50)）值为0.05微克/升，而成虾为0.25微克/升，胚胎为6.4微克/升。沉积物的存在显著降低了氯菊酯对成年虾和幼虾的毒性。氯菊酯暴露增加了胚胎孵化时间，并降低了幼虾的游泳行为。成年虾的脂质过氧化水平显著降低，但暴露于氯菊酯的幼虾脂质过氧化水平增加。低水平的氯菊酯可能会对草虾的健康和生存产生负面影响。沿海地区氯菊酯的使用应谨慎管理，以避免对非目标河口生物产生不利影响。
