University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD;
J Athl Train. 2002 Jul;37(3):306-14.
To describe the anatomy of bone and the physiology of bone remodeling as a basis for the proper management of stress fractures in physically active people.
We searched PubMed for the years 1965 through 2000 using the key words stress fracture, bone remodeling, epidemiology, and rehabilitation.
Bone undergoes a normal remodeling process in physically active persons. Increased stress leads to an acceleration of this remodeling process, a subsequent weakening of bone, and a higher susceptibility to stress fracture. When a stress fracture is suspected, appropriate management of the injury should begin immediately. Effective management includes a cyclic process of activity and rest that is based on the remodeling process of bone.
CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Bone continuously remodels itself to withstand the stresses involved with physical activity. Stress fractures occur as the result of increased remodeling and a subsequent weakening of the outer surface ofthe bone. Once a stress fracture is suspected, a cyclic management program that incorporates the physiology of bone remodeling should be initiated. The cyclic program should allow the physically active person to remove the source of the stress to the bone, maintain fitness, promote a safe return to activity, and permit the bone to heal properly.
描述骨骼解剖和骨重塑生理学，为运动人群中应力性骨折的正确处理提供依据。
我们在 1965 年至 2000 年间使用关键词“应力性骨折、骨重塑、流行病学和康复”，在 PubMed 上进行了检索。
骨骼在运动人群中会经历正常的重塑过程。增加的压力会加速这一重塑过程，导致骨的弱化，从而更容易发生应力性骨折。当怀疑发生应力性骨折时，应立即开始对损伤进行适当的处理。有效的管理包括基于骨骼重塑过程的活动和休息的循环过程。
结论/建议：骨骼会不断重塑自身以承受与体力活动相关的压力。应力性骨折是由于重塑增加和随后骨外层的弱化而发生的。一旦怀疑发生应力性骨折，应立即启动基于骨重塑生理学的循环管理方案。该循环方案应允许运动者去除对骨骼的压力源，保持健康，促进安全地恢复活动，并确保骨骼得到适当的愈合。
