Tubbs R Shane, Ammar Kevin, Liechty Peter, Wellons John C, Blount Jeffrey P, Salter E George, Oakes W Jerry
Department of Cell Biology and Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
J Neurosurg. 2006 Mar;104(3):429-31. doi: 10.3171/jns.2006.104.3.429.
Descriptions of the marginal venous sinus are lacking in the extant medical literature. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomy of this intracranial venous sinus.
The authors examined the marginal sinuses in 15 adult cadavers following the injection of latex into the intracranial venous system. The maximal vertical height of the sinuses, which ranged from 7 to 15 mm (mean 10 mm), was located at the lateral aspect of the foramen magnum at or near the region at which the spinal accessory nerve crossed en route to the jugular foramen. In all specimens the sinus tapered as it traveled both anteriorly and posteriorly. Ninety-three percent of the specimens demonstrated significant drainage into the veins of the hypoglossal canal. The hypoglossal nerve rootlets pierced the sinus and its tributaries in 11 (73%) of 15 specimens. The marginal sinus communicated with the basilar venous plexus in 12 (80%) of 15 specimens and with the occipital sinus in all specimens (100%). There was venous communication with the sigmoid sinus in all specimens. The vertebral artery coursed through the marginal sinus as it pierced the posterior atlantooccipital membrane in all left sides and in 87% of the right sides.
These quantitative data will be useful to the neurosurgeon who operates in the region of the marginal sinus.
现有医学文献中缺乏对边缘静脉窦的描述。本研究的目的是描述这种颅内静脉窦的解剖结构。
作者在向颅内静脉系统注入乳胶后，对15具成年尸体的边缘静脉窦进行了检查。静脉窦的最大垂直高度在7至15毫米之间（平均10毫米），位于枕骨大孔外侧，在副神经通向颈静脉孔途中交叉的区域或其附近。在所有标本中，静脉窦向前和向后走行时逐渐变细。93%的标本显示有大量血液流入舌下神经管静脉。在15个标本中的11个（73%）中，舌下神经根穿过静脉窦及其分支。15个标本中的12个（80%）边缘静脉窦与基底静脉丛相通，所有标本（100%）均与枕窦相通。所有标本均与乙状窦有静脉交通。在所有左侧以及87%的右侧，椎动脉穿过枕后膜时穿过边缘静脉窦。
这些定量数据将对在边缘静脉窦区域进行手术的神经外科医生有用。
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