Plasmid-mediated degradation of 4-chloronitrobenzene by newly isolated Pseudomonas putida strain ZWL73.

A strain of Pseudomonas putida ZWL73 was isolated from soil contaminated with chloronitrobenzenes and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. This bacterium released chloride and ammonia into the medium when grown on 4-chloronitrobenzene (4CNB) as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. A plasmid designated pZWL73 of approximately 100 kb in this strain was found to be responsible for 4CNB degradation. This was based on the fact that the plasmid-cured strains showed 4CNB- phenotype and the 4CNB+ phenotype could be conjugally transferred. The cell-free extracts of strain ZWL73 exhibited chloronitrobenzene nitroreductase and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol 1, 6-dioxygenase (2A5CPDO) activities, but neither activity was found from that of the plasmid-cured strain. We have also cloned a 4.9-kb EcoRI fragment exhibiting 2A5CPDO activity. Sequencing results revealed beta-subunit (cnbCa) and alpha subunit (cnbCb) of a meta-cleavage dioxygenase, which were subsequently expressed in E. coli with 2A5CPDO activity. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that 2A5CPDO may form a new subgroup in class III meta-cleavage dioxygenase with its close homologs.