Romeo Eugenio, Lops Diego, Amorfini Leonardo, Chiapasco Matteo, Ghisolfi Marco, Vogel Giorgio
Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006 Apr;17(2):139-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01191.x.
Implants with a small diameter may be used where bone width is reduced or in single-tooth gaps with limited mesiodistal space, such as for the replacement of lateral maxillary or mandibular incisors. The purpose of the present longitudinal study was to compare the prognosis of narrow implants (3.3-mm-diameter) to standard (4.1-mm-diameter) implants. Over a 7-year period, 122 narrow implants were inserted in 68 patients to support 45 partial fixed prostheses (PFD) and 23 single-tooth prostheses (ST). Furthermore, 120 patients received 208 standard implants and were restored with 70 PFD and 50 ST, respectively. Clinical and radiographic assessment data were provided. Six (1.8%) out of 330 implants failed. Cumulative survival and success rates were calculated with life-table analyses processed by collecting clinical and radiographic data. For narrow implants, the cumulative survival rate was 98.1% in the maxilla and 96.9% in the mandible. The cumulative success rate was 96.1% in the maxilla and 92% in the mandible. Conversely, standard-diameter implants showed a cumulative survival rate of 96.8% in the maxilla and 97.9% in the mandible. The cumulative success rate was 97.6% in the maxilla and 93.8% in the mandible. Cumulative survival and success rates of small-diameter implants and standard-diameter implants were not statistically different (P > 0.05). Type 4 bone was a determining failure factor, while marginal bone loss was not influenced by the different implant diameters. The results suggest that small-diameter implants can be successfully used in the treatment of partially edentulous patients.
在骨宽度减小的部位或近远中空间有限的单牙间隙，如用于上颌或下颌侧切牙的替换时，可使用小直径种植体。本纵向研究的目的是比较窄种植体（直径3.3毫米）与标准种植体（直径4.1毫米）的预后情况。在7年的时间里，为68例患者植入了122枚窄种植体，以支持45个部分固定义齿（PFD）和23个单牙修复体（ST）。此外，120例患者接受了208枚标准种植体，并分别用70个PFD和50个ST进行修复。提供了临床和影像学评估数据。330枚种植体中有6枚（1.8%）失败。通过收集临床和影像学数据进行生命表分析，计算累积生存率和成功率。对于窄种植体，上颌的累积生存率为98.1%，下颌为96.9%。上颌的累积成功率为96.1%，下颌为92%。相反，标准直径种植体在上颌的累积生存率为96.8%，下颌为97.9%。上颌的累积成功率为97.6%，下颌为93.8%。小直径种植体和标准直径种植体的累积生存率和成功率在统计学上没有差异（P>0.05）。4型骨是决定性的失败因素，而边缘骨丢失不受不同种植体直径的影响。结果表明，小直径种植体可成功用于部分牙列缺损患者的治疗。
