Gouverneur M, Berg B, Nieuwdorp M, Stroes E, Vink H
Department of Medical Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
J Intern Med. 2006 Apr;259(4):393-400. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01625.x.
The endothelial glycocalyx exerts a wide array of vasculoprotective effects via inhibition of coagulation and leucocyte adhesion, by contributing to the vascular permeability barrier and by mediating shear stress-induced NO release. In this review, we will focus on the relationship between fluid shear stress and the endothelial glycocalyx. We will address the hypothesis that modulation of glycocalyx synthesis by fluid shear stress may contribute to thinner glycocalyces, and therefore more vulnerable endothelium, at lesion-prone sites of arterial bifurcations. Finally, we will discuss the effects of known atherogenic stimuli such as hyperglycaemia on whole body glycocalyx volume in humans and its effect on endothelial function.
内皮糖萼通过抑制凝血和白细胞黏附、维持血管通透性屏障以及介导剪切应力诱导的一氧化氮释放，发挥广泛的血管保护作用。在本综述中，我们将重点关注流体剪切应力与内皮糖萼之间的关系。我们将探讨这样一种假说，即流体剪切应力对糖萼合成的调节可能导致动脉分叉处易损部位的糖萼变薄，进而使内皮更易受损。最后，我们将讨论高血糖等已知致动脉粥样硬化刺激因素对人体全身糖萼体积的影响及其对内皮功能的作用。
