Zakas A, Grammatikopoulou M G, Zakas N, Zahariadis P, Vamvakoudis E
Laboratory of Coaching, Division of Sports, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Mar;46(1):57-61.
The purpose of the investigation was to examine in field conditions the acute effects of passive stretching after a general warming-up bout as well as the effects of passive stretching alone.
Eighteen adolescent team soccer players participated in this study performing 3 different flexibility-training protocols in separate training sessions. In the first treatment stretching protocol a general warm-up was performed where subjects jogged for 20 minutes. The second treatment stretching protocol consisted of the same general warm-up followed by passive stretching of the lower extremities and the trunk, whereas the third and final treatment stretching protocol consisted of passive stretching alone, without any jogging. Passive range of joint motion was examined in hip flexion, hip extension, hip abduction, ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion and trunk flexion using a goniometer and a flexometer.
The general warming-up session induced a significantly increased range of motion only at the ankle dorsiflexion joint (P<0.05). Results also suggest that passive stretching alone and passive stretching after a general warming-up bout both induced a significantly increased range in all lower extremity joints and trunk flexion (P<0.001).
Improvements in flexibility are observed after passive muscle elongation, irrespective of warming-up.
本研究旨在实地考察一般热身运动后进行被动拉伸的急性效应以及单独进行被动拉伸的效应。
18名青少年足球运动员参与了本研究，在不同的训练时段进行3种不同的柔韧性训练方案。在第一个治疗性拉伸方案中，进行了一般热身，受试者慢跑20分钟。第二个治疗性拉伸方案包括相同的一般热身，随后是下肢和躯干的被动拉伸，而第三个也是最后一个治疗性拉伸方案仅包括被动拉伸，没有任何慢跑。使用角度计和弯曲计检查髋关节屈曲、髋关节伸展、髋关节外展、踝关节背屈、膝关节屈曲和躯干屈曲的关节被动活动范围。
一般热身运动仅在踝关节背屈关节处引起活动范围显著增加（P<0.05）。结果还表明，单独进行被动拉伸以及在一般热身运动后进行被动拉伸均在所有下肢关节和躯干屈曲方面引起显著增加的活动范围（P<0.001）。
无论是否热身，被动肌肉拉长后均可观察到柔韧性的改善。
