McClure Jennifer B, Swan Gary E
Group Health Cooperative, Center for Health Studies, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
CNS Drugs. 2006;20(4):281-91. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200620040-00002.
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is an effective treatment for smoking cessation, but as with all such pharmacotherapies, the majority of smokers who use NRT products do not stop smoking or remain abstinent long term. Treatment outcome is affected by a range of individual-specific factors, as well as the pharmacokinetic profile of each NRT formulation. This has led to speculation that abstinence rates could be improved if NRT treatments were individually tailored to best match each individual's needs and preferences. There are also populations for whom special product and dosage considerations are warranted to maximise treatment safety.This paper reviews the rationale for NRT treatment, standard dose recommendations and recommendations for how to best match NRT treatment to the specific needs of individual smokers. We also review emerging evidence that genetic profiling may one day be a useful consideration for tailoring NRT treatment.
尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）是一种有效的戒烟治疗方法，但与所有此类药物疗法一样，使用NRT产品的大多数吸烟者并未戒烟或长期保持戒烟状态。治疗结果受一系列个体特异性因素以及每种NRT制剂的药代动力学特征影响。这引发了一种推测，即如果NRT治疗能够根据每个个体的需求和偏好进行个性化定制，戒烟率可能会提高。对于某些人群，也需要特殊的产品和剂量考虑以最大化治疗安全性。本文综述了NRT治疗的理论依据、标准剂量建议以及如何使NRT治疗最佳匹配个体吸烟者的特定需求的建议。我们还综述了新出现的证据，即基因谱分析可能有朝一日成为个性化NRT治疗的一个有用考量因素。
