呼吸机相关性肺炎与感染控制
Ventilator associated pneumonia and infection control.
作者信息
Alp Emine, Voss Andreas
机构信息
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen University Centre for Infections, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2006 Apr 6;5:7. doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-5-7.
Abstract
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. The incidence of VAP varies from 7% to 70% in different studies and the mortality rates are 20-75% according to the study population. Aspiration of colonized pathogenic microorganisms on the oropharynx and gastrointestinal tract is the main route for the development of VAP. On the other hand, the major risk factor for VAP is intubation and the duration of mechanical ventilation. Diagnosis remains difficult, and studies showed the importance of early initiation of appropriate antibiotic for prognosis. VAP causes extra length of stay in hospital and intensive care units and increases hospital cost. Consequently, infection control policies are more rational and will save money.
摘要
呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）是重症监护病房发病和死亡的主要原因。不同研究中VAP的发病率在7%至70%之间，根据研究人群的不同，死亡率为20% - 75%。口咽部和胃肠道定植的致病微生物误吸是VAP发生的主要途径。另一方面，VAP的主要危险因素是气管插管和机械通气时间。诊断仍然困难，研究表明早期开始使用合适的抗生素对预后很重要。VAP会导致住院时间和重症监护病房停留时间延长，并增加医院成本。因此，感染控制政策更加合理，将节省资金。
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