Bauer B A, Riley L K
Research Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Lab Anim. 2006 Apr;40(2):144-52. doi: 10.1258/002367706776319079.
Parvoviruses remain one of the most common viral infections seen in laboratory mouse colonies. The purpose of this study was to develop an antemortem polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect mice infected with mouse parvovirus-1 (MPV) and mice minute virus (MMV) using faecal samples. The MMV PCR assay consistently detected as few as 100 plasmid copies of MMV in faecal samples, while the MPV PCR assay detected as few as 10 plasmid copies of MPV. Faecal pellets from infected mice held at room temperature from 1 to 7 days tested positive by MMV and MPV PCR, respectively. This demonstrates that parvovirus DNA is stable in faecal samples kept at room temperature. PCR assays were also used to follow the length of MMV and MPV shedding in faeces from SENCAR mice, which were endemically infected with multiple agents. MMV faecal shedding was detected in 60-70% of the mice 5-7 weeks old, and by 13 weeks of age, faecal samples from all mice were negative for MMV. MPV faecal shedding was detected in 90-100% of the mice 5-11 weeks old; however, by 19 weeks of age, faecal samples from all mice were negative for MPV. These findings confirm that faecal shedding occurs for a limited time and suggest that 5-9-week-old mice are the most appropriate age group in endemically infected mice for faecal testing by MMV and MPV PCR.
细小病毒仍然是实验小鼠群体中最常见的病毒感染之一。本研究的目的是开发一种死前聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测方法，使用粪便样本检测感染小鼠细小病毒1型（MPV）和小鼠微小病毒（MMV）的小鼠。MMV PCR检测方法始终能在粪便样本中检测到低至100个MMV质粒拷贝，而MPV PCR检测方法能检测到低至10个MPV质粒拷贝。分别在室温下保存1至7天的感染小鼠粪便颗粒经MMV和MPV PCR检测呈阳性。这表明细小病毒DNA在室温保存的粪便样本中是稳定的。PCR检测方法还用于追踪SENCAR小鼠粪便中MMV和MPV的排毒时长，这些小鼠受到多种病原体的地方性感染。在5至7周龄的小鼠中，60%-70%检测到MMV粪便排毒，到13周龄时，所有小鼠的粪便样本MMV检测均为阴性。在5至11周龄的小鼠中，90%-100%检测到MPV粪便排毒；然而，到19周龄时，所有小鼠的粪便样本MPV检测均为阴性。这些发现证实粪便排毒发生的时间有限，并表明5至9周龄的小鼠是地方性感染小鼠中通过MMV和MPV PCR进行粪便检测的最合适年龄组。
