Lipton Stuart A
Burnham Institute for Medical Research, and The University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Neuron. 2006 Apr 6;50(1):9-11. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.03.026.
Recent reports have overturned a series of dogmas that have been well entrenched in the neuroscience literature concerning NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). The new data show that NMDARs exist on the myelin sheath formed by oligodendrocytes, that an uncompetitive NMDAR antagonist has successfully passed human clinical trials, and that NMDARs trigger multiple deleterious cascades to inflict cellular damage on both neurons and glia during cerebral ischemia (stroke). These recent findings bode well for clinical intervention with NMDAR antagonists in more neurological disorders than previously thought, including multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy (periventricular leukomalacia), and spinal cord injury.
最近的报告推翻了一系列在神经科学文献中关于NMDA型谷氨酸受体（NMDARs）的根深蒂固的教条。新数据表明，NMDARs存在于少突胶质细胞形成的髓鞘上，一种非竞争性NMDAR拮抗剂已成功通过人体临床试验，并且在脑缺血（中风）期间，NMDARs会引发多种有害级联反应，对神经元和神经胶质细胞造成细胞损伤。这些最新发现预示着，与之前认为的相比，NMDAR拮抗剂在更多神经系统疾病（包括多发性硬化症、脑性瘫痪（脑室周围白质软化症）和脊髓损伤）中的临床干预前景良好。
