Melikishvili Alexander
Monterey Institute of International Studies, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Washington, District of Columbia 20036, USA.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2006;32(1):19-31. doi: 10.1080/10408410500496763.
Although the anti-plague system of the former Soviet Union developed fully during the Soviet era, its foundations were laid long before the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. This article traces the evolution of the anti-plague measures from imposition of temporary quarantine in affected areas to the creation of the standard response system and the establishment of permanent anti-plague organizations. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that by the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, despite numerous setbacks, the Russian imperial authorities succeeded in creating a nascent system of disease surveillance dedicated to protecting the population from especially dangerous infectious diseases such as plague.
尽管前苏联的抗鼠疫系统在苏联时期得到了充分发展，但其基础早在1917年布尔什维克革命之前就已奠定。本文追溯了抗鼠疫措施从在疫区实施临时检疫到建立标准应对系统以及成立常设抗鼠疫组织的演变过程。本文旨在表明，到19世纪末20世纪初，尽管遭遇了诸多挫折，俄罗斯帝国当局仍成功创建了一个初步的疾病监测系统，致力于保护民众免受鼠疫等特别危险的传染病侵害。
