Zitzmann Nicola U, Marinello Carlo P
Klinik für Rekonstruktive Zahnmedizin und Myoarthropathien, Universitätskliniken für Zahnmedizin, Universität Basel.
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2006;116(3):237-44.
The aim of the present study was to investigate patients' satisfaction with removable implant restorations with two or four implants compared to a complete denture (CD) in the edentulous mandible. 20 patients in each group were asked to fill out a questionnaire ("Patient satisfaction related to the prosthetic restoration") before treatment, after six months and three years. With implant restorations, either implant-retained (IRET) or implant-supported (ISUP), greater improvements in prostheses retention and pain reduction were achieved in comparison to complete dentures. In addition, restrictions related to food selection were resolved for most implant patients. Despite great inter-individual differences, there was a tendency for larger improvements of almost all parameters with IRET, except chewing ability, which was rated best with ISUP. Long-term results revealed that patients with ISUP (four implants) assessed prostheses retention with the highest ratings compared to those with IRET and CD (p = 0,0147). These results indicate that an improvement in functional and psychological parameters can be achieved with two implants, whilst stabilization with four implants improves prosthesis retention, chewing ability and pain reduction in the long term. Maintenance efforts were more complex for implant restorations than for CD and imply a recall at least once a year.
本研究的目的是调查在下颌无牙颌患者中，与全口义齿（CD）相比，使用两颗或四颗种植体的可摘种植修复体患者的满意度。每组20名患者在治疗前、治疗后六个月和三年时被要求填写一份问卷（“与修复体相关的患者满意度”）。与全口义齿相比，无论是种植体固位（IRET）还是种植体支持（ISUP）的种植修复体，在义齿固位和疼痛减轻方面都有更大的改善。此外，大多数种植患者与食物选择相关的限制也得到了解决。尽管个体差异很大，但除了咀嚼能力（ISUP评分最高）外，IRET几乎在所有参数上都有更大改善的趋势。长期结果显示，与IRET和CD患者相比，ISUP（四颗种植体）患者对义齿固位的评分最高（p = 0.0147）。这些结果表明，两颗种植体可实现功能和心理参数的改善，而四颗种植体的稳定作用可长期改善义齿固位、咀嚼能力和减轻疼痛。种植修复体的维护工作比全口义齿更复杂，意味着至少每年需要复诊一次。
