Thomas K E, Annest J L, Gilchrist J, Bixby-Hammett D M
Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;40(7):619-26. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.025858. Epub 2006 Apr 12.
To characterise and provide nationally representative estimates of persons with non-fatal horse related injuries treated in American emergency departments.
The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) is a stratified probability sample comprising 66 hospitals. Data on injuries treated in these emergency departments are collected and reported. NEISS-AIP data on all types (horseback riding and otherwise) of non-fatal horse related injuries from 2001 to 2003 were analysed.
An estimated 102,904 persons with non-fatal horse related injuries (35.7 per 100,000 population) were treated in American emergency departments each year from 2001 to 2003 inclusive. Non-fatal injury rates were higher for females (41.5 per 100,000) than for males (29.8 per 100,000). Most patients were injured while mounted on a horse (66.1%), commonly from falling or being thrown by the horse; while not mounted, injuries most often resulted from being kicked by the horse. The body parts most often injured were the head/neck region (23.2%), lower extremity (22.2%), and upper extremity (21.5%). The most common principal diagnoses were contusions/abrasions (31.4%) and fractures (25.2%). For each year that was studied, an estimated 11 502 people sustained traumatic brain injuries from horse related incidents. Overall, more than 11% of those injured were admitted to hospital.
Horse related injuries are a public health concern not just for riders but for anyone in close contact with horses. Prevention programmes should target horseback riders and horse caregivers to promote helmet use and educate participants about horse behaviour, proper handling of horses, and safe riding practices.
对在美国急诊科接受治疗的非致命性马匹相关损伤患者进行特征描述并提供具有全国代表性的估计数据。
国家电子伤害监测系统全伤害项目（NEISS-AIP）是一个包含66家医院的分层概率样本。收集并报告这些急诊科治疗的伤害数据。对2001年至2003年期间NEISS-AIP中所有类型（骑马及其他）的非致命性马匹相关损伤数据进行分析。
在2001年至2003年（含）期间，美国急诊科每年估计有102,904名非致命性马匹相关损伤患者接受治疗（每10万人中有35.7人）。女性的非致命伤害率（每10万人中有41.5人）高于男性（每10万人中有29.8人）。大多数患者是在骑在马背上时受伤（66.1%），通常是因从马上跌落或被马甩下；未骑在马上时，受伤最常见的原因是被马踢。最常受伤的身体部位是头部/颈部区域（23.2%）、下肢（22.2%）和上肢（21.5%）。最常见的主要诊断是挫伤/擦伤（31.4%）和骨折（25.2%）。在研究的每一年中，估计有11502人因马匹相关事件遭受创伤性脑损伤。总体而言，超过11%的受伤者被收治入院。
马匹相关损伤不仅是骑手关注的公共卫生问题，也是任何与马密切接触者关注的问题。预防项目应针对骑马者和马匹护理人员，以推广头盔使用，并教育参与者了解马匹行为、正确处理马匹以及安全骑行做法。
