Copello Alex G, Templeton Lorna, Velleman Richard
Birmingham and Solihull Substance Misuse Services and School of Psychology, The University of Birmingham, UK.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2006 May;19(3):271-6. doi: 10.1097/01.yco.0000218597.31184.41.
Recent developments in research and practice have highlighted the effectiveness of family interventions in substance misuse treatment. The present paper will critically review studies of family approaches published over the past 12 months, assess the current state of this field and suggest future directions.
Family interventions lead to positive outcomes for both misusers and family members. Some recent interventions have widened the focus also to include other members of the user's social networks and have focused on a range of treatment goals.
An increasingly robust evidence base supports family-focused and social network-focused interventions in substance misuse treatment. Recent studies have continued to show that family and network approaches either match or improve outcomes when compared with individual interventions. Research needs (and is starting) to consider a broader set of outcomes relevant to family and network interventions, besides simply making an impact on substance use. The major challenge involves implementation of family approaches in routine service provision; interventions with most evidence supporting them are not used routinely in practice. Research studies and policy initiatives need to focus on dissemination of family approaches and their integration into treatment services.
研究与实践的最新进展凸显了家庭干预在药物滥用治疗中的有效性。本文将批判性地回顾过去12个月发表的家庭治疗方法研究，评估该领域的现状并提出未来方向。
家庭干预对滥用者及其家庭成员均产生积极效果。近期的一些干预措施还扩大了关注范围，将使用者社交网络中的其他成员纳入其中，并围绕一系列治疗目标展开。
越来越多的确凿证据支持在药物滥用治疗中采用以家庭为中心和以社交网络为中心的干预措施。近期研究继续表明，与个体干预相比，家庭和社交网络治疗方法的效果相当或更优。除了单纯对药物使用产生影响外，研究需要（且已开始）考虑与家庭和社交网络干预相关的更广泛的结果。主要挑战在于在常规服务提供中实施家庭治疗方法；实践中并未常规使用那些有最多证据支持的干预措施。研究和政策举措需要聚焦于家庭治疗方法的推广及其融入治疗服务。
