Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia.
Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 May 17;21(1):254. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03266-3.
Alcohol use disorders have become the second leading cause of death for mental and substance use disorders in China. However, with early diagnosis and timely treatment, the burden can be mitigated. Family and friends of a person with alcohol use problems are well placed to recognize the signs, encourage professional help-seeking and help the person until treatment is received. We aimed to use the Delphi consensus methodology to develop guidelines about how members of the public can provide this "mental health first aid" to someone with problem drinking in China.
A Chinese-language questionnaire was developed, comprising statements that were endorsed for inclusion in the English-language problem drinking first aid guidelines for high-income countries. Participants were also encouraged to suggest new statements. These statements were evaluated by two Chinese expert panels - a professional panel and a lived experience panel - on how important they believed each statement was for members of the public providing mental health first aid to a person with problem drinking in China. Three survey rounds were conducted. To be included in the final guidelines, statements had to receive a "very important" or "important" rating from at least 80% of participants from each of the panels.
The majority of statements were rated in the first survey round by 30 mental health professionals and 25 lived experience panel members. One hundred and eighty-one statements met the inclusion criteria and were used to form the guidelines. Compared to the English-language guidelines, the importance of family involvement and mutual support were highlighted by both Chinese expert panels, while a number of statements relating to low-risk drinking were rejected by the lived experience panel.
The Chinese-language problem drinking first aid guidelines cover a variety of first aid strategies that members of the public can use when providing initial help to a person with problem drinking, such as how to communicate with the person and what to do if the person is intoxicated. These guidelines will be used as a stand-alone document will also inform the content of Mental Health First Aid training in China.
在中国，酒精使用障碍已成为精神和物质使用障碍导致死亡的第二大主要原因。然而，通过早期诊断和及时治疗，可以减轻负担。有酒精使用问题的人的家人和朋友最适合识别这些迹象，鼓励寻求专业帮助，并在接受治疗之前帮助这个人。我们的目的是使用德尔菲共识方法制定指南，说明中国公众如何为有酗酒问题的人提供这种“心理健康急救”。
制定了一份中文问卷，其中包含了支持纳入英语高收入国家问题饮酒急救指南的陈述。还鼓励参与者提出新的陈述。这两个陈述由两个中国专家小组 - 专业小组和生活经验小组 - 评估，他们认为每个陈述对公众向有酗酒问题的人提供心理健康急救的重要性。进行了三轮调查。要包含在最终指南中，陈述必须至少获得每个小组 80%的参与者的“非常重要”或“重要”评级。
第一轮调查中，30 名心理健康专业人员和 25 名生活经验小组成员对大多数陈述进行了评估。181 个陈述符合纳入标准，并被用于制定指南。与英语指南相比，两个中国专家小组都强调了家庭参与和相互支持的重要性，而生活经验小组则拒绝了一些与低风险饮酒相关的陈述。
中文问题饮酒急救指南涵盖了公众在向有酗酒问题的人提供初步帮助时可以使用的各种急救策略，例如如何与该人沟通以及如果该人醉酒该怎么办。这些指南将作为一个独立的文件使用，也将为中国的心理健康急救培训提供内容。
