Cintra Ana Maria de Oliveira, Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira, Mingoti Sueli Aparecida
Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2006 Apr;22(4):791-802. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2006000400018. Epub 2006 Apr 5.
The object of this study is to compare female and male injection drug users (IDUs) in terms of sociodemographic profile and aspects of their initiation to the use of injection drugs. It was a cross-sectional and multicentric study realized in 2000-2001 in six Brazilian syringe-exchange programs. 146 women and 709 men were interviewed, with average ages of 29.5 and 28.3 years, respectively. Both began injection drug use at similar ages, 18.6 and 19.3, for women and men, respectively, although women report more frequently than men that they were initiated by a sexual partner to acquiring drugs and syringes, and to the act of injection. Compared to men, women report significantly more regular sexual partners (83% versus 72%); fewer casual partners (39% versus 58%), more use of injection drugs with their partners, as well as more "exchange" of sex for drugs. Among HIV-seropositive individuals, women show less education, had more chance of their sexual partners participating in their initiation to injection drugs, and report sexual partners that used injection drugs more frequently. Female IDUs exhibit aspects of behavior indicating greater vulnerability to HIV infection than do males.
本研究的目的是比较女性和男性注射吸毒者在社会人口学特征以及开始使用注射毒品方面的情况。这是一项2000年至2001年在巴西六个注射器交换项目中开展的横断面多中心研究。对146名女性和709名男性进行了访谈，他们的平均年龄分别为29.5岁和28.3岁。男女开始注射吸毒的年龄相近，女性为18.6岁，男性为19.3岁，不过女性比男性更频繁地报告称是由性伴侣引导其获取毒品、注射器以及进行注射行为的。与男性相比，女性报告的固定性伴侣明显更多（83%对72%）；临时伴侣更少（39%对58%），更多地与伴侣一起使用注射毒品，以及更多地以性换毒。在艾滋病毒血清阳性个体中，女性受教育程度较低，其性伴侣促使她们开始注射吸毒的可能性更大，且报告称性伴侣更频繁地使用注射毒品。女性注射吸毒者表现出比男性更容易感染艾滋病毒的行为特征。
