Beekmann S E, Diekema D J, Heilmann K P, Richter S S, Doern G V
Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology 265 MRC, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006 May;25(5):335-9. doi: 10.1007/s10096-006-0137-8.
The objective of the case-control study presented here was to examine the risk factors for macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. As part of a 44-center U.S. surveillance study, 1,817 unique isolates of S. pneumoniae were collected from November 2002 through April 2003. Seventy-five randomly selected macrolide-resistant isolates (cases) were each matched with one susceptible control. Macrolide use in the 6 weeks prior to sample collection was reported for seven cases and one control. The final conditional logistic regression model identified two statistically significant variables: a history of alcohol abuse was protective, while macrolide use in the 6 weeks prior to sample collection was a significant risk factor for macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae. Macrolide resistance was associated with use of any antibiotic during the prior 6 weeks, and was most strongly associated with previous macrolide use.
此处呈现的病例对照研究的目的是检验耐大环内酯类肺炎链球菌的风险因素。作为美国一项44中心监测研究的一部分，2002年11月至2003年4月期间收集了1817株独特的肺炎链球菌分离株。随机选择75株耐大环内酯类分离株（病例），每株与一株敏感对照进行匹配。报告了7例病例和1例对照在样本采集前6周内使用大环内酯类药物的情况。最终的条件逻辑回归模型确定了两个具有统计学意义的变量：酗酒史具有保护作用，而样本采集前6周内使用大环内酯类药物是耐大环内酯类肺炎链球菌的一个显著风险因素。大环内酯类耐药与前6周内使用任何抗生素有关，且与之前使用大环内酯类药物的关联最为密切。
