Rachinsky Anna, Mizoguchi Akira, Srinivasan Asoka, Ramaswamy Sonny B
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2006 May;62(1):11-25. doi: 10.1002/arch.20117.
The mating-induced increase in juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis in Heliothis virescens females may be stimulated by production and/or release of stimulatory neuropeptides such as allatotropins (AT). Although there is evidence that H. virescens allatotropin may be structurally related to Manduca sexta allatotropin (Manse-AT), little is known of its occurrence and distribution in H. virescens. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody against Manse-AT was used to quantify concentrations of Manse-AT immunoreactivity in tissue extracts of H. virescens. In mated females, the highest concentrations of Manse-AT-like material occurred in the brain. The ventral nervous system and the accessory glands also contained considerable amounts of Manse-AT-like material, whereas concentrations were very low in ovaries, fat body, and flight muscle. The Manse-AT antibody was used for whole-mount immunocytochemistry to localize Manse-AT-immunoreactivity in the central nervous system. Several groups of Manse-AT-immunoreactive cells were discovered in the brain, subesophageal ganglion, and thoracic and abdominal ganglia of H. virescens females and males. Strong immunoreactivity was detected in axons going through the corpora cardiaca and branching out over the surface of the corpora allata. The presence of Manse-AT-like material in various locations in the central nervous system suggests that these peptides may have other as yet unknown functions. At the posterior margin of the terminal ganglion of males, a group of large immunoreactive cells was observed that was not present in females. Other than that, there were no obvious differences between virgin and mated females or males. The lack of differences in AT distribution in mated and virgin females suggests that mating-induced differences in female JH biosynthesis rates may be caused by changes in cellular response to AT at the level of the CA, rather than by changes in the amounts of AT acting on the CA.
在绿铃夜蛾雌性中，交配诱导的保幼激素（JH）生物合成增加可能受到刺激性神经肽如促咽侧体素（AT）的产生和/或释放的刺激。尽管有证据表明绿铃夜蛾促咽侧体素在结构上可能与烟草天蛾促咽侧体素（烟草天蛾 - AT）相关，但对其在绿铃夜蛾中的存在和分布知之甚少。使用针对烟草天蛾 - AT的单克隆抗体的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）来定量绿铃夜蛾组织提取物中烟草天蛾 - AT免疫反应性的浓度。在交配的雌性中，烟草天蛾 - AT样物质的最高浓度出现在脑中。腹侧神经系统和附腺也含有相当数量的烟草天蛾 - AT样物质，而在卵巢、脂肪体和飞行肌中的浓度非常低。烟草天蛾 - AT抗体用于整装免疫细胞化学，以在中枢神经系统中定位烟草天蛾 - AT免疫反应性。在绿铃夜蛾雌性和雄性的脑、咽下神经节以及胸神经节和腹神经节中发现了几组烟草天蛾 - AT免疫反应性细胞。在穿过心侧体并在咽侧体表面分支的轴突中检测到强免疫反应性。中枢神经系统不同位置存在烟草天蛾 - AT样物质表明这些肽可能具有其他尚未知的功能。在雄性终神经节的后缘，观察到一组大型免疫反应性细胞，雌性中不存在。除此之外，未交配和交配的雌性或雄性之间没有明显差异。未交配和交配雌性中促咽侧体素分布缺乏差异表明，交配诱导的雌性JH生物合成率差异可能是由咽侧体水平上细胞对促咽侧体素反应的变化引起的，而不是由作用于咽侧体的促咽侧体素量的变化引起的。
