Panhuis Tami M, Clark Nathaniel L, Swanson Willie J
Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, PO Box 357730, Seattle, WA 98195-7730, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Feb 28;361(1466):261-8. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1793.
Observations from different taxa, including plants, protozoa, insects and mammals, indicate that proteins involved in reproduction evolve rapidly. Several models of adaptive evolution have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, such as sexual conflict, sexual selection, self versus non-self recognition and pathogen resistance. Here we discuss the potential role of sexual conflict in the rapid evolution of reproductive genes in two different animal systems, abalone (Haliotis) and Drosophila. In abalone, we reveal how specific interacting sperm-egg proteins were identified and discuss this identification in the light of models for rapid protein evolution and speciation. For Drosophila, we describe the genomic approaches taken to identify male accessory gland proteins and female reproductive tract proteins. Patterns of protein evolution from both abalone and Drosophila support the predicted patterns of rapid protein evolution driven by sexual conflict. We stress however that other selective pressures may contribute to the rapid evolution that is observed. We conclude that the key to distinguishing between sexual conflict and other mechanisms of protein evolution will be an integration of genetic, experimental and theoretical data.
来自不同生物类群（包括植物、原生动物、昆虫和哺乳动物）的观察结果表明，参与生殖的蛋白质进化迅速。人们提出了几种适应性进化模型来解释这一现象，比如性冲突、性选择、自我与非自我识别以及病原体抗性。在此，我们探讨性冲突在两种不同动物系统（鲍鱼和果蝇）中生殖基因快速进化过程中的潜在作用。在鲍鱼中，我们揭示了如何鉴定特定的精卵相互作用蛋白，并根据蛋白质快速进化和物种形成模型来讨论这一鉴定结果。对于果蝇，我们描述了用于鉴定雄性附腺蛋白和雌性生殖道蛋白的基因组方法。来自鲍鱼和果蝇的蛋白质进化模式均支持由性冲突驱动的蛋白质快速进化的预测模式。然而，我们强调其他选择压力可能也促成了所观察到的快速进化。我们得出结论，区分性冲突与其他蛋白质进化机制的关键在于整合遗传、实验和理论数据。
