Gauthier Monique, Dacher Matthieu, Thany Steeve Hervé, Niggebrügge Claudia, Déglise Patrice, Kljucevic Pierre, Armengaud Catherine, Grünewald Bernd
Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 4R3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2006 Sep;86(2):164-74. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2006.02.003. Epub 2006 Apr 17.
In the honeybee Apis mellifera, multiple-trial olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response specifically leads to long-term memory (LTM) which can be retrieved more than 24 h after learning. We studied the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the establishment of LTM by injecting the nicotinic antagonists mecamylamine (1 mM), alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BGT, 0.1 mM) or methyllycaconitine (MLA, 0.1 mM) into the brain through the median ocellus 20 min before or 20 min after multiple-trial learning. The retention tests were performed 1, 3, and 24 h after learning. Pre-training injections of mecamylamine induced a lower performance during conditioning but had no effect on LTM formation. Post-training injections of mecamylamine did not affect honeybees' performances. Pre-training injections of MLA or post-training injection of alpha-BGT specifically induced LTM impairment whereas acquisition as well as memory retrieval tested 1 or 3 h after learning was normal. This indicates that brain injections of alpha-BGT and MLA did not interfere with learning or medium-term memory. Rather, these blockers affect the LTM. To explain these results, we advance the hypothesis that honeybee alpha-BGT-sensitive acetylcholine receptors are also sensitive to MLA. These receptors could be essential for triggering intracellular mechanisms involved in LTM. By contrast, medium-term memory is not dependent upon these receptors but is affected by mecamylamine.
在蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）中，对伸吻反射进行多次试验的嗅觉条件训练会特异性地产生长期记忆（LTM），这种记忆在学习后24小时以上仍可被检索到。我们通过在多次试验学习前20分钟或学习后20分钟，经中眼向大脑注射烟碱拮抗剂美加明（1 mM）、α-银环蛇毒素（α-BGT，0.1 mM）或甲基lycaconitine（MLA，0.1 mM），研究了烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体在长期记忆形成中的作用。在学习后1小时、3小时和24小时进行记忆保持测试。训练前注射美加明在条件训练期间导致较低的表现，但对长期记忆形成没有影响。训练后注射美加明不影响蜜蜂的表现。训练前注射MLA或训练后注射α-BGT特异性地导致长期记忆受损，而在学习后1小时或3小时测试的习得以及记忆检索是正常的。这表明向大脑注射α-BGT和MLA不会干扰学习或中期记忆。相反，这些阻滞剂影响长期记忆。为了解释这些结果，我们提出一个假设，即蜜蜂中对α-BGT敏感的乙酰胆碱受体也对MLA敏感。这些受体可能对于触发参与长期记忆的细胞内机制至关重要。相比之下，中期记忆不依赖于这些受体，但受美加明影响。
