Kilgas Priit, Mänd Raivo, Mägi Marko, Tilgar Vallo
Institute of Zoology and Hydrobiology, Centre of Basic and Applied Ecology, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014, Estonia.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006 Jun;144(2):224-31. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.02.038. Epub 2006 Apr 17.
Very little is known about the causes and correlates for variation of individual condition in the wild. However, such knowledge is essential for understanding the mechanisms that mediate environmental effects to populations. We studied the variation of several hematological condition indices (hematocrit, albumin, globulin and triglyceride concentrations, albumin/globulin ratio, lymphocyte and heterophile concentrations and heterophile/lymphocyte ratio) and body mass in brood-rearing great tits (Parus major) in relation to habitat, multiple breeding and gender. Although great tits prefer deciduous forest to coniferous forests, individuals breeding in coniferous forests tended to be in a superior health state than those breeding in deciduous habitat. We suggest that this difference in adult condition can be caused by differences in breeding densities between habitats. Although there was some variation in condition indices between breeding attempts, none of these parameters measured at the end of the first breeding attempt predicted the probability of double breeding. We also found that females were in poorer condition and probably more stressed than males, both during the first and the second breeding attempt. These findings demonstrate that hematological parameters can be used to assess spatial and temporal variation of individual condition in the wild.
关于野生个体状况差异的原因及相关因素，我们知之甚少。然而，此类知识对于理解介导环境对种群影响的机制至关重要。我们研究了育雏大山雀（Parus major）的几个血液学状况指标（血细胞比容、白蛋白、球蛋白和甘油三酯浓度、白蛋白/球蛋白比率、淋巴细胞和嗜异性粒细胞浓度以及嗜异性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比率）和体重与栖息地、多次繁殖及性别的关系。尽管大山雀更喜欢落叶林而非针叶林，但在针叶林繁殖的个体往往比在落叶栖息地繁殖的个体健康状况更好。我们认为，成年个体状况的这种差异可能是由栖息地之间繁殖密度的差异导致的。尽管在不同繁殖尝试之间状况指标存在一些变化，但在第一次繁殖尝试结束时测量的这些参数均无法预测再次繁殖的概率。我们还发现，在第一次和第二次繁殖尝试期间，雌性的状况都比雄性差，且可能承受着更大的压力。这些发现表明，血液学参数可用于评估野生个体状况的空间和时间变化。
