Goldfield Gary S, Blouin Arthur G, Woodside D Blake
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Mental Health Research, Ottawa.
Can J Psychiatry. 2006 Mar;51(3):160-8. doi: 10.1177/070674370605100306.
Male bodybuilders (MBB) exhibit more severe body dissatisfaction, bulimic eating behaviour, and negative psychological characteristics, compared with male athletic and nonathletic control subjects, but few studies have directly compared MBB and men with eating disorders. This study compared men with bulimia nervosa (MBN), competitive male bodybuilders (CMBB), and recreational male bodybuilders (RMBB) on a broad range of eating attitudes and behaviours and psychological characteristics to more accurately determine similarities and differences among these groups.
Anonymous questionnaires, designed to assess eating attitudes, body image, weight and shape preoccupation, prevalence of binge eating, weight loss practices, lifetime rates of eating disorders, anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use, and general psychological factors, were completed by 22 MBN, 27 CMBB, and 25 RMBB.
High rates of weight and shape preoccupation, extreme body modification practices, binge eating, and bulimia nervosa (BN) were reported among MBB, especially among those who competed. CMBB reported higher rates of binge eating, BN, and AAS use compared with RMBB, but exhibited less eating-related and general psychopathology compared with MBN. Few psychological differences were found between CMBB and RMBB.
MBB, especially competitors, and MBN appear to share many eating-related features but few general psychological ones. Longitudinal research is needed to determine whether men with a history of disordered eating or BN disproportionately gravitate to competitive bodybuildin and (or) whether competitive bodybuilding fosters disordered eating, BN, and AAS use.
与男性运动员和非运动员对照受试者相比，男性健美运动员表现出更严重的身体不满、暴食行为和负面心理特征，但很少有研究直接比较男性健美运动员和患有饮食失调症的男性。本研究比较了神经性贪食症男性（MBN）、竞技男性健美运动员（CMBB）和业余男性健美运动员（RMBB）在广泛的饮食态度、行为和心理特征方面的差异，以更准确地确定这些群体之间的异同。
22名MBN、27名CMBB和25名RMBB完成了匿名问卷调查，旨在评估饮食态度、身体形象、对体重和体型的过度关注、暴饮暴食的发生率、减肥行为、饮食失调的终生发生率、合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS）的使用情况以及一般心理因素。
在男性健美运动员中，尤其是那些参加比赛的运动员，对体重和体型过度关注、极端身体塑形行为、暴饮暴食和神经性贪食症（BN）的发生率很高。与RMBB相比，CMBB报告的暴饮暴食、BN和AAS使用率更高，但与MBN相比，其饮食相关和一般精神病理学表现较少。CMBB和RMBB之间几乎没有发现心理差异。
男性健美运动员，尤其是参赛运动员，和MBN似乎有许多与饮食相关的特征，但一般心理特征较少。需要进行纵向研究，以确定有饮食失调或BN病史的男性是否不成比例地倾向于竞技健美运动，以及（或者）竞技健美运动是否会助长饮食失调、BN和AAS的使用。
