Das Prajnan, Crane Christopher H
Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 97, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2006 May;8(3):167-73. doi: 10.1007/s11912-006-0016-6.
Although postoperative chemoradiation has a proven role in the treatment of stage II to III localized rectal cancer, recent trials have demonstrated the role of preoperative chemoradiation. A recent randomized trial has shown that preoperative chemoradiation yields higher rates of local control and sphincter preservation and lower rates of toxicity, compared with postoperative chemoradiation. Randomized trials have also shown that preoperative chemoradiation yields higher rates of pathologic complete response and local control, compared with radiotherapy alone. In this article, we review recent trials on preoperative and adjuvant therapy of localized rectal cancer. The roles of newer agents, such as capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab, are also discussed, and other key issues in the treatment of localized rectal cancer are reviewed.
尽管术后放化疗在II至III期局部直肠癌的治疗中已被证明有作用，但最近的试验证实了术前放化疗的作用。一项近期的随机试验表明，与术后放化疗相比，术前放化疗能产生更高的局部控制率和括约肌保留率，且毒性率更低。随机试验还表明，与单纯放疗相比，术前放化疗能产生更高的病理完全缓解率和局部控制率。在本文中，我们回顾了局部直肠癌术前和辅助治疗的近期试验。还讨论了新型药物如卡培他滨、奥沙利铂和贝伐单抗的作用，并对局部直肠癌治疗中的其他关键问题进行了综述。
