Nowak Michał, Gnitecki Witold, Jurowski Piotr
Z Kliniki Okulistyki i Rehabilitacji Wzrokowej Uniwersyteckiego Szpitala Klinicznego nr 2 im WAM Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lodzi.
Klin Oczna. 2005;107(10-12):715-8.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual loss in individuals over 60 years old, in developed countries. This article provides the latest information about the role of retinal oxygen metabolism in origin of that disease. It is considered that reactive oxygen species (ROS), including free radicals are responsible for apoptotic cell death and developing of pathological changes in AMD. Exposure to visible light induces dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial cells, accumulation of lipoprotein aggregates in Bruch's membrane, formation of drusen, and final results are damage to photosensitive retina, which leads to AMD. There are many of antioxidant systems in retina, which protect tissue from ROS. In this review we focus on their actions in terms of mechanisms of preventing oxidative damage and their potential role in therapy of AMD. There is strong evidence suggesting the supporting role of the nutritional antioxidant supplementation and protection from exposure to the visible light in the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是发达国家60岁以上人群视力丧失的主要原因。本文提供了有关视网膜氧代谢在该疾病发病机制中作用的最新信息。人们认为，包括自由基在内的活性氧（ROS）是导致AMD中细胞凋亡和病理变化发展的原因。暴露于可见光会导致视网膜色素上皮细胞功能障碍、布鲁赫膜中脂蛋白聚集体的积累、玻璃膜疣的形成，最终结果是感光视网膜受损，从而导致AMD。视网膜中有许多抗氧化系统，可保护组织免受ROS的侵害。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注它们在预防氧化损伤机制方面的作用及其在AMD治疗中的潜在作用。有强有力的证据表明，营养性抗氧化剂补充以及避免暴露于可见光在年龄相关性黄斑变性的预防和治疗中具有支持作用。
