Kassim Saba, Croucher Ray
Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, UK.
Int Dent J. 2006 Apr;56(2):97-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2006.tb00080.x.
This cross sectional study recruited adult male Yemeni residents in Sheffield and Birmingham, UK, to assess their use of khat.
Structured interviews were conducted in both areas during weekly khat chewing sessions. The data collected included socio-demographic characteristics, khat use, dependency on khat, psychological functioning of chewers (GHQ-12) and nicotine dependency. Patterns of khat use, dependency and psychological functioning were correlated with age and self-reported oral problems.
75 khat chewing volunteers (mean age 40.75 years) were interviewed. Average age of starting khat chewing was 17 years. The weekly amount chewed ranged from 0.25-3.0 khat bundles. Older respondents were more likely to be frequent chewers (p<0.025). 39% were assessed as dependent on khat, which correlated with frequency of use (p<0.041) and being in debt (p<0.046). Khat chewing correlated with nicotine dependence (p< 0.014). Self-reported oral problems correlated with both nicotine (p<0.04) and khat dependence (p<0.001). 93% reported that khat chewing promoted excessive smoking and 12% that this practice had initiated their tobacco use.
Khat chewing creates dependency and correlates with tobacco smoking and nicotine dependence. Further research should investigate the correlations between khat and nicotine dependence. Development of a specific measure of khat dependence is recommended.
这项横断面研究招募了英国谢菲尔德和伯明翰的成年也门男性居民，以评估他们对巧茶的使用情况。
在这两个地区的每周巧茶咀嚼时段进行结构化访谈。收集的数据包括社会人口统计学特征、巧茶使用情况、对巧茶的依赖、咀嚼者的心理功能（一般健康问卷-12）以及尼古丁依赖情况。巧茶的使用模式、依赖情况和心理功能与年龄及自我报告的口腔问题相关。
对75名巧茶咀嚼志愿者（平均年龄40.75岁）进行了访谈。开始咀嚼巧茶的平均年龄为17岁。每周咀嚼的量在0.25 - 3.0捆巧茶之间。年龄较大的受访者更有可能是频繁咀嚼者（p<0.025）。39%的人被评估为对巧茶有依赖，这与使用频率（p<0.041）和负债情况（p<0.046）相关。巧茶咀嚼与尼古丁依赖相关（p<0.014）。自我报告的口腔问题与尼古丁（p<0.04）和巧茶依赖均相关（p<0.001）。93%的人报告说巧茶咀嚼促使他们过度吸烟，12%的人表示这种行为导致他们开始使用烟草。
巧茶咀嚼会导致依赖，并与吸烟和尼古丁依赖相关。应进一步研究巧茶与尼古丁依赖之间的相关性。建议开发一种特定的巧茶依赖测量方法。
