Thorp Micah L, Eastman Loris, Smith David H, Johnson Eric S
Kaiser Kidney Program, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Milwaukie, Oregon 97267, USA.
Dis Manag. 2006 Apr;9(2):115-21. doi: 10.1089/dis.2006.9.115.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high rates of healthcare utilization, morbidity, and mortality. Increasing rates of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension suggest that the expected numbers of patients with CKD will rise. Managing the economic and clinical burden of CKD will be a significant challenge for the healthcare system. The burden of CKD can be considered in terms of both CKD-specific and CKD-related morbidity and mortality. CKD-specific complications include anemia and bone disease. CKD-related complications include obesity, diabetes and hypertension. CKD-specific complications tend to occur later in the course of disease and may be best treated by a nephrologist, while CKD-related complications may be most easily treated by primary care physicians. Coordinating patient care is essential to managing the burden of this growing disease.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的医疗利用率、发病率和死亡率都很高。肥胖、糖尿病和高血压发病率的上升表明，CKD患者的预期数量将会增加。应对CKD的经济和临床负担将是医疗系统面临的一项重大挑战。CKD的负担可以从CKD特异性以及与CKD相关的发病率和死亡率两方面来考量。CKD特异性并发症包括贫血和骨病。与CKD相关的并发症包括肥胖、糖尿病和高血压。CKD特异性并发症往往在疾病进程后期出现，可能由肾病科医生进行最佳治疗，而与CKD相关的并发症可能由初级保健医生最容易治疗。协调患者护理对于应对这种不断增加的疾病负担至关重要。
