Tillmann B, Koelsch S, Escoffier N, Bigand E, Lalitte P, Friederici A D, von Cramon D Y
CNRS UMR 5020, Neurosciences et Systèmes Sensoriels, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon I, IFR 19, 50 Av. Tony Garnier, F-69366 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
Neuroimage. 2006 Jul 15;31(4):1771-82. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.02.028. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
Neural correlates of the processing of musical syntax-like structures have been investigated via expectancy violation due to musically unrelated (i.e., unexpected) events in musical contexts. Previous studies reported the implication of inferior frontal cortex in musical structure processing. However - due to the strong musical manipulations - activations might be explained by sensory deviance detection or repetition priming. Our present study investigated neural correlates of musical structure processing with subtle musical violations in a musical priming paradigm. Instrumental and sung sequences ended on related and less-related musical targets. The material controlled sensory priming components, and differences in target processing required listeners' knowledge on musical structures. Participants were scanned with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) while performing speeded phoneme and timbre identification judgments on the targets. Behavioral results acquired in the scanner replicated the facilitation effect of related over less-related targets. The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal linked to target processing revealed activation of right inferior frontal areas (i.e., inferior frontal gyrus, frontal operculum, anterior insula) that was stronger for less-related than for related targets, and this was independent of the material carrying the musical structures. This outcome points to the implication of inferior frontal cortex in the processing of syntactic relations also for musical material and to its role in the processing and integration of sequential information over time. In addition to inferior frontal activation, increased activation was observed in orbital gyrus, temporal areas (anterior superior temporal gyrus, posterior superior temporal gyrus and sulcus, posterior middle temporal gyrus) and supramarginal gyrus.
通过音乐情境中与音乐无关（即意外）事件导致的预期违反，对类似音乐句法结构处理的神经关联进行了研究。先前的研究报告了额下回在音乐结构处理中的作用。然而，由于强烈的音乐操纵，激活可能由感官偏差检测或重复启动来解释。我们目前的研究在音乐启动范式中，通过微妙的音乐违反来研究音乐结构处理的神经关联。器乐和声乐序列以相关和不太相关的音乐目标结束。材料控制了感官启动成分，目标处理的差异需要听众具备音乐结构知识。参与者在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描下，对目标进行快速音素和音色识别判断。在扫描仪中获得的行为结果重现了相关目标比不太相关目标的促进效应。与目标处理相关的血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号显示，右下额叶区域（即额下回、额盖、前岛叶）激活，对于不太相关目标比相关目标更强，且这与承载音乐结构的材料无关。这一结果表明额下回在音乐材料句法关系处理中也有作用，以及其在随时间处理和整合序列信息中的作用。除了额下回激活外，眶回、颞叶区域（颞上回前部、颞上回后部和沟、颞中回后部）和缘上回也观察到激活增加。
