Gonçalves Ferraz, Mozes Mónica, Saraiva Isabel, Ramos Cristina
Unidade de Cuidados Continuados, Instituto Português de Oncologia, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal.
Support Care Cancer. 2006 Nov;14(11):1147-51. doi: 10.1007/s00520-006-0045-6. Epub 2006 Apr 20.
In palliative care, gastrostomies are used to provide nutritional support or to decompress the bowel. To evaluate what happened to the patients monitored at our palliative care unit (PCU) who underwent gastrostomy between October 1994 and January 2005, a retrospective audit was made.
The charts of 154 patients were reviewed.
The most frequent reason why a patient underwent a gastrostomy was dysphagia due to head and neck and/or esophageal cancer. Only one patient underwent a drainage gastrostomy because of intestinal obstruction. Interventional radiology performed 96% of the gastrostomies. Early complications occurred in 53 patients (34%) who underwent the gastrostomy for feeding and the most common was local pain, usually mild. However, there was one death due to peritonitis, probably related with the procedure. Late complications also occurred in 53 patients and major complications occurred in 22 patients, the most common was extrusion. The median survival after the performance of the gastrostomy was 61 days (range 1 to 551 days). Nineteen patients (12%) survived 1 week or less, 28 (18%) between 8 and 30 days, 51 (33%) from 31 to 90 days, 53 (35%) 91 days or more, and one unknown. The patient who underwent a gastrostomy for bowel obstruction survived for only 7 days. One hundred and twenty-five patients (81%) died at the PCU, 26 (17%) at home, and four (3%) at other places.
在姑息治疗中，胃造口术用于提供营养支持或使肠道减压。为评估1994年10月至2005年1月期间在我们姑息治疗病房（PCU）接受胃造口术的患者的情况，进行了一项回顾性审计。
回顾了154例患者的病历。
患者接受胃造口术最常见的原因是头颈和/或食管癌导致的吞咽困难。只有1例患者因肠梗阻接受了引流性胃造口术。96%的胃造口术由介入放射科进行。53例（34%）接受用于喂养的胃造口术的患者发生了早期并发症，最常见的是局部疼痛，通常较轻。然而，有1例患者因腹膜炎死亡，可能与手术有关。53例患者发生了晚期并发症，22例患者发生了严重并发症，最常见的是造口管脱出。胃造口术后的中位生存期为61天（范围1至551天）。19例患者（12%）存活1周或更短时间，28例（18%）存活8至30天，51例（33%）存活31至90天，53例（35%）存活91天或更长时间，1例情况不明。因肠梗阻接受胃造口术的患者仅存活了7天。125例患者（81%）在PCU死亡，26例（17%）在家中死亡，4例（3%）在其他地方死亡。
