Katsavrias Elias G
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006 Apr;129(4):470-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.01.018.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology has not been studied adequately in subjects with various types of malocclusion, and it is not known if TMJ morphology and facial morphology are related. Such knowledge might assist in the establishment of biological treatment strategies, especially when the TMJ is the target of the treatment plan. The aim of this study was to explore the morphological characteristics of the TMJ in subjects with skeletal Class II Division 2 malocclusions.
The material consisted of corrected lateral tomograms of 94 joints in 47 subjects with Class II Division 2 malocclusions (age range, 8.3-42.8 years). The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to age.
Intragroup comparisons showed statistically significant differences for condylar angle, condylar position, eminence height, eminence inclination, ramus height, and condylar-neck height. These differences were found mainly between the youngest and oldest groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient was greater than 0.60 for eminence height and eminence inclination, eminence height and ramus inclination, eminence inclination and ramus inclination, fossa posterior-eminence midpoint and fossa posterior-eminence top, and fossa posterior-eminence midpoint and fossa posterior-fossa roof. Condylar shape was most often round, followed by oval, flattened, and triangular; fossa shape was most often oval, followed by triangular, trapezoidal, and round.
The results suggest that (1) fossa morphology and condylar length attain their final sizes early; (2) articular eminence and ramus morphology (height, inclination) have great variability; (3) some joint components such as eminence height with eminence inclination, eminence height with ramus inclination, eminence inclination with ramus inclination, and fossa anteroposterior dimensions are highly correlated with each other; and (4) the most prevalent condylar and fossa anteroposterior shape is oval.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）形态在各类错牙合畸形患者中尚未得到充分研究，且TMJ形态与面部形态是否相关也尚不明确。此类知识可能有助于制定生物治疗策略，尤其是当TMJ成为治疗计划的目标时。本研究旨在探讨骨骼型安氏Ⅱ类2分类错牙合畸形患者的TMJ形态特征。
研究材料包括47例安氏Ⅱ类2分类错牙合畸形患者（年龄范围8.3 - 42.8岁）的94个关节的校正侧位断层图像。根据年龄将受试者分为5组。
组内比较显示，髁突角、髁突位置、关节结节高度、关节结节倾斜度、升支高度和髁突颈部高度存在统计学显著差异。这些差异主要存在于最年轻组和最年长组之间。关节结节高度与关节结节倾斜度、关节结节高度与升支倾斜度、关节结节倾斜度与升支倾斜度、关节窝后缘 - 关节结节中点与关节窝后缘 - 关节结节顶部、关节窝后缘 - 关节结节中点与关节窝后缘 - 关节窝顶之间的Pearson相关系数大于0.60。髁突形状最常见的是圆形，其次是椭圆形、扁平形和三角形；关节窝形状最常见的是椭圆形，其次是三角形、梯形和圆形。
结果表明：（1）关节窝形态和髁突长度早期即达到最终大小；（2）关节结节和升支形态（高度、倾斜度）具有很大变异性；（3）一些关节组成部分，如关节结节高度与关节结节倾斜度、关节结节高度与升支倾斜度、关节结节倾斜度与升支倾斜度以及关节窝前后径之间高度相关；（4）最常见的髁突和关节窝前后形状是椭圆形。
