Vandieken Verona, Mußmann Marc, Niemann Helge, Jørgensen Bo Barker
Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2006 May;56(Pt 5):1133-1139. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63639-0.
Two psychrophilic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacteria (strains 112T and 102T) that conserved energy from dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction concomitant with acetate oxidation were isolated from permanently cold Arctic marine sediments. Both strains grew at temperatures down to -2 degrees C, with respective temperature optima of 14 degrees C and 14-17 degrees C for strains 112T and 102T. The isolated strains reduced Fe(III) using common fermentation products such as acetate, lactate, propionate, formate or hydrogen as electron donors, and they also grew with fumarate as the sole substrate. As alternatives to Fe(III), they reduced fumarate, S0 and Mn(IV). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain 112T was most closely related to Desulfuromonas acetoxidans (97.0 %) and Desulfuromonas thiophila NZ27T (95.5 %), and strain 102T to Malonomonas rubra Gra Mal 1T (96.3 %) and Desulfuromusa succinoxidans GylacT (95.9 %) within the Deltaproteobacteria. Strains 112T and 102T therefore represent novel species, for which the names Desulfuromonas svalbardensis sp. nov. (type strain 112T=DSM 16958T=JCM 12927T) and Desulfuromusa ferrireducens sp. nov. (type strain 102T=DSM 16956T=JCM 12926T) are proposed.
从永久寒冷的北极海洋沉积物中分离出两株嗜冷、革兰氏阴性、杆状、具运动性的细菌（菌株112T和102T），它们通过异化铁（III）还原与乙酸氧化偶联来保存能量。两株菌株都能在低至-2℃的温度下生长，菌株112T和102T的最适生长温度分别为14℃和14 - 17℃。分离出的菌株利用常见的发酵产物如乙酸、乳酸、丙酸、甲酸或氢气作为电子供体来还原铁（III），它们也能以富马酸作为唯一底物生长。作为铁（III）的替代物，它们能还原富马酸、单质硫和锰（IV）。基于16S rRNA基因序列相似性，菌株112T与乙酸氧化脱硫单胞菌（97.0%）和嗜硫脱硫单胞菌NZ27T（95.5%）关系最为密切，而菌株102T与红苹果酸单胞菌Gra Mal 1T（96.3%）和琥珀酸氧化脱硫单胞菌GylacT（95.9%）在δ-变形菌纲内关系最为密切。因此，菌株112T和102T代表新物种，分别命名为斯瓦尔巴德脱硫单胞菌（Desulfuromonas svalbardensis）新种（模式菌株112T = DSM 16958T = JCM 12927T）和铁还原脱硫单胞菌（Desulfuromusa ferrireducens）新种（模式菌株102T = DSM 16956T = JCM 12926T）。
