Knoblauch C, Sahm K, Jørgensen B B
Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1999 Oct;49 Pt 4:1631-43. doi: 10.1099/00207713-49-4-1631.
Five psychrophilic, Gram-negative, sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from marine sediments off the coast of Svalbard. All isolates grew at the in situ temperature of -1.7 degrees C. In batch cultures, strain PSv29T had the highest growth rate at 7 degrees C, strains ASv26T and LSv54T had the highest growth rate at 10 degrees C, and strains LSv21T and LSv514T had the highest growth rate at 18 degrees C. The new isolates used the most common fermentation products in marine sediments, such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, lactate and hydrogen, but only strain ASv26T was able to oxidize fatty acids completely to CO2. The new strains had growth optima at neutral pH and marine salt concentration, except for LSv54T which grew fastest with 1% NaCl. Sulfite and thiosulfate were used as electron acceptors by strains ASv26T, PSv29T and LSv54T, and all strains except PSv29T grew with Fe3+ (ferric citrate) as electron acceptor. Chemotaxonomy based on cellular fatty acid patterns and menaquinones showed good agreement with the phylogeny based on 16S rRNA sequences. All strains belonged to the delta subclass of Proteobacteria but had at least 9% evolutionary distance from known sulfate reducers. Due to the phylogenetic and phenotypic differences between the new isolates and their closest relatives, establishment of the new genera Desulfotalea gen. nov., Desulfofaba gen. nov. and Desulfofrigus gen. nov. is proposed, with strain ASv26T as the type strain of the type species Desulfofrigus oceanense sp. nov., LSv21T as the type strain of Desulfofrigus fragile sp. nov., PSv29T as the type strain of the type species Desulfofaba gelida sp. nov., LSv54T as the type strain of the type species Desulfotalea psychrophila sp. nov. and LSv514T as the type strain of Desulfotalea arctica sp. nov.
从斯瓦尔巴德群岛海岸外的海洋沉积物中分离出五株嗜冷、革兰氏阴性、硫酸盐还原菌。所有分离株都能在原位温度-1.7℃下生长。在分批培养中，菌株PSv29T在7℃时生长速率最高，菌株ASv26T和LSv54T在10℃时生长速率最高，菌株LSv21T和LSv514T在18℃时生长速率最高。这些新分离株利用海洋沉积物中最常见的发酵产物，如乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丁酸盐、乳酸盐和氢气，但只有菌株ASv26T能够将脂肪酸完全氧化为二氧化碳。除了LSv54T在1%NaCl条件下生长最快外，这些新菌株在中性pH值和海洋盐浓度下生长最佳。菌株ASv26T、PSv29T和LSv54T利用亚硫酸盐和硫代硫酸盐作为电子受体，除PSv29T外的所有菌株都能以Fe3+（柠檬酸铁）作为电子受体生长。基于细胞脂肪酸模式和甲基萘醌的化学分类学与基于16S rRNA序列的系统发育显示出良好的一致性。所有菌株都属于变形菌门的δ亚类，但与已知的硫酸盐还原菌至少有9%的进化距离。由于新分离株与其最接近的亲缘种之间存在系统发育和表型差异，建议建立新属Desulfotalea gen. nov.、Desulfofaba gen. nov.和Desulfofrigus gen. nov.，菌株ASv26T作为新物种Desulfofrigus oceanense sp. nov.的模式菌株，LSv21T作为Desulfofrigus fragile sp. nov.的模式菌株，PSv29T作为Desulfofaba gelida sp. nov.的模式菌株，LSv54T作为Desulfotalea psychrophila sp. nov.的模式菌株，LSv514T作为Desulfotalea arctica sp. nov.的模式菌株。
