Reinhard Günter, Lachnit Harald, König Stephan
Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
Psychophysiology. 2006 Jan;43(1):73-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00374.x.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the anticipatory pupillary dilation response is a useful indicator for the examination of complex differential conditioning problems like patterning. A human fear conditioning procedure with six groups (n=20 each) was used to examine conditioned stimulus (CS) processing when a compound stimulus was reinforced, but not its elements (positive patterning) or when the elements were reinforced, but not the compound (negative patterning), as well as modifications in which the compound was replaced by either a new compound or by a new element. We found evidence for conditioning within 2 s after CS onset. Group differences in differential conditioning indicated systematic differences in CS processing due to different discrimination task difficulties. This study showed that the pupil response is a suitable indicator for human Pavlovian conditioning with high time resolution within and between trials.
本研究的目的是评估预期瞳孔扩张反应是否是用于检测诸如模式化等复杂辨别性条件作用问题的有用指标。采用一个有六组（每组n = 20）的人类恐惧条件作用程序，来检验当复合刺激得到强化而其组成元素未得到强化时（正模式化），或者当组成元素得到强化而复合刺激未得到强化时（负模式化）的条件刺激（CS）加工情况，以及复合刺激被新的复合刺激或新的元素替代时的条件刺激加工情况。我们发现了CS开始后2秒内发生条件作用的证据。辨别性条件作用中的组间差异表明，由于不同的辨别任务难度，CS加工存在系统性差异。本研究表明，瞳孔反应是人类巴甫洛夫条件作用的一个合适指标，在试验内和试验间具有较高的时间分辨率。
