Taleghani Fariba, Yekta Zohreh Parsa, Nasrabadi Alireza Nikbakht
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Adv Nurs. 2006 May;54(3):265-72; discussion 272-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03808_1.x.
This paper reports a study exploring how Iranian women coped with newly diagnosed breast cancer and provides a foundation for cultural-based care.
Although research has indicated that coping strategies are associated with adaptation to breast cancer, and despite the number of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer increasing each year, there is no information on how Iranian women cope with breast cancer when compared with women of other cultures.
In this qualitative study, 19 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer were interviewed during the period May-September 2004 about coping with their disease. Interviews were analysed using a content analysis method.
The main themes emerging from this qualitative study included coping using a religious approach (acceptance of disease as God's will; spiritual fighting), thinking about the disease (positive thinking: positive suggestion, hope, intentional forgetfulness; negative thinking: hopelessness, fear, impaired body image), accepting the fact of the disease (active acceptance; passive acceptance), social and cultural factors and finally finding support from significant others.
Understanding how Iranian women cope with diagnosis of breast cancer is important to nurses involved in the process of healing. The majority of strategies used by Iranian women were positive, and religious faith played a major role in this. The findings of the study can be used to design a nursing approach to improve successful coping in Iranian women suffering from breast cancer, and can provide nurses and other healthcare professionals with deeper understanding of these women as they face this diagnosis.
本文报告一项探究伊朗女性如何应对新诊断出的乳腺癌的研究，并为基于文化的护理提供依据。
尽管研究表明应对策略与适应乳腺癌有关，且每年新诊断出乳腺癌的女性数量在增加，但与其他文化背景的女性相比，尚无关于伊朗女性如何应对乳腺癌的信息。
在这项定性研究中，于2004年5月至9月期间对19名新诊断出乳腺癌的女性进行了关于应对其疾病的访谈。采用内容分析法对访谈进行分析。
这项定性研究中出现的主要主题包括采用宗教方式应对（将疾病接受为上帝的旨意；精神抗争）、思考疾病（积极思考：积极暗示、希望、有意遗忘；消极思考：绝望、恐惧、身体形象受损）、接受疾病事实（主动接受；被动接受）、社会和文化因素，以及最终从重要他人那里获得支持。
了解伊朗女性如何应对乳腺癌诊断对参与治疗过程的护士来说很重要。伊朗女性使用的大多数策略都是积极的，宗教信仰在其中起了主要作用。该研究结果可用于设计一种护理方法，以改善患乳腺癌的伊朗女性的成功应对能力，并能让护士和其他医疗保健专业人员在这些女性面对这一诊断时对她们有更深入的了解。
